六西格玛的定义（六西格玛术语中英文对照）

$k——Thousands of dollars千美元

$M——Millions of dollars百万美元

% R & R——Gage % Repeatability and Reproducibility % 重复性和再现性

ANOVA——Analysis Of Variance 方差分析

AOP——Annual Operating Plan年度运营计划

BB——Black Belt黑带;A process Improvement project team leader who is trained and certified in the Six Sigma breakthrough methodology and tools, and who is responsible for project execution.经“六西格玛”方法论和工具使用培训并认证的过程改进项目的项目负责人，负责项目的执行。

BOD——Board of Directors董事会

BPM——Business Process Management商业流程管理

BTS——Breakthrough Technology Solution 突破性改进解决方案

C & E——Cause and Effects matrix因果矩阵

CAP——Change Acceleration Process加速变革流程

Capability——能力 The total range of inherent variation in a stable process. It is determined by using control charts data.在稳定过程中全部内在固有变化的改变范围。它由控制图的数据来确定。

CapabilityIndex——能力指数A calculated value used to compare process variation to a specification. Examples are Cp, Cpk. Can also be used to compare processes to each other. 能力指数 为一计算值用来比较对给定区间的过程变异。例如：Cp, Cpk能用来对过程进行相互比较。

CEO——Chief Executive Officer首席执行官

CFO——Chief Financial Officer首席财务官

CIO——Chief Information Officer首席信息官

CNM——Customer Need Map顾客需要图

COB——Chairman of the Board of Directors董事长

Control Plan——A process control document that describes the system for controlling processes and parts. 控制计划 流程控制文档来描述控制流程和部件的系统

COO——Chief Operating Officer首席运营官

COPQ——Cost of Poor Quality劣质产品成本Cost associated with poor quality products or services. Examples: Product inspection, Sorting, Scrap, Rework, and Field Complaints. 由低质量产品或服务所导致的成本。例如：产品检验，挑选，废品，返修和客户抱怨。

COQ——Cost Of Quality质量成本

Cp——Index of process capability–process centered过程能力指数 – 对中心点过程

C-P——Capacity-Productivity能力-生产率

Cpk——Index of process capability–process not centered过程能力指数 – 非中心点过程

CTQ——Critical Of Quality 关键质量点

Defect——Any characteristic that deviates outside of specification limits or customer requirements.瑕疵 任何偏离限制或客户需求的特征

DFSS——Design Of Six Sigma六西格玛设计

DMAIC——Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control定义，测量，分析，改进，控制

DOE——Design Of Experience实验设计:An efficient method of experimentation that identifies, with minimum testing, factors (key process input variables) and their optimum settings that affect the mean and variation.一种试验的有效方法，通过最少次测试，来识别因素（关键过程输入变量）以及影响均值和变异的优化设置

DPMO——Defect Per Million Opportunity百万机会缺陷数

DPU——Defects Per Unit单位产品的瑕疵

EHS——Environment Health Safety环境、健康和安全

FMEA——Potential Failure Modes and Effect Analysis潜在失效模式和效果分析

FPY——First Pass Yield首次产出率 The percentage of products or services that are successfully completed on the first attempt without requiring remedial action or rework. 在第一次尝试中不经补救和返修得到的产品或服务的成功率

FTA——Fault Tree Analysis故障树分析

Gage Bias (aka Accuracy)——The difference between the true or reference value and the observed average of multiple measurements of identical characteristic on the same part. 标准测量偏差 对同一部件的某一可识别特征多次测量的平均观察值与真值或参考值之间的差异。

Gage Repeatability——The variation in measurements obtained with one measurement instrument when used several times by one appraiser while measuring the identical characteristic on the same part.标准测量重复性 当同一位观察者使用同一测量仪器对同一部件的某一可识别特征进行多次测量，所得结果的变异。

Gage Reproducibility——The variation in the average of measurements made by different appraisers, using the same measuring instrument when measuring the identical characteristic on the same part.标准测量再现性 当不同观察者使用同一测量仪器对同一部件的某一可识别特征进行多次测量，所得结果的变异。

GB——Green Belt绿带

GR&R——Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility测量系统重复性和再现性

Histogram——A graphic way of summarizing data by plotting possible values on one axis and the observed frequencies for those values on the other axis. It helps one visualize the central tendency and dispersion of the data.直方图 一种把可能出现的值标注在一条数轴，把观测频率标注在另一数轴上从而形成图像的数据归纳方法。

HR——Human Resources人力资源

IS——Information Systems信息系统

ISO——International Standards Organization国际标准化组织

IT——Information Technology信息技术

ITSPMIT—— Small Project Management信息技术小项目管理

KJ——Tool to Organize and Focus Qualitative Data分析客户需求并转化为产品功能要求的工具

KPIV——Key Process Input Variable关键过程输入变量 The vital few process input variables that have the greatest effect on the output variable(s) of interest. They are called “X’s”, (normally 2 – 6) 至关重要的过程输入变量，对过程输出变量具有最大影响。它们被称作：X，（通常有2至6个）

KPOV——Key Process Output Variable关键过程输出变量The output variable(s) of interest. They are called the “Y’s”, (usually 1). May be process performance measures or product characteristics. 过程的输出变量。它们被称作：Y，（通常只有1个）。可为过程表现结果或产品特性。

LSL——Lower Specification Limit下限

MAIC——Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control测量，分析，改进，控制

MBB——Master Black Belt 黑带大师A person who is "expert" in Six Sigma breakthrough techniques and project implementation. MBBs play a key role in training and coaching Black Belts. 他是六西格玛突破技术和项目实施的专家，在培训黑带方面起关键作用。

Measurement System——The complete process used to obtain measurements. It consists of the collection of operations, procedures, gages and other equipment, software, and personnel used to assign a number or value to the characteristic being measured.测量系统 得到测量数值的全过程。它包括：收集运营，程序步骤，测量仪器和其他设备，软件，指定的测量人员。

Minitab——The main statistical software package to support Six Sigma六西格玛黑带使用的主要统计软件工具包

MOC——Management Of Change变革管理

MSA——Measurement System Analysis测量系统分析

Multi-Vari——Type of multiple variable process study一种多变量过程研究

Multi-Vari ——ChartA graphic way of depicting variation within a single part, machine or process, or between parts (produced at the same time or over time). Allows the study of process inputs and outputs in a passive mode (natural day-to-day process).多变量图 一种用来描述单一部件，机器或流程，或部件之间（同时生产的）的变异的图形方法。该方法可用主动方式（自然的日复一日的流程）研究过程的输入和输出

Normal Distribution——A continuous, symmetrical, bell-haped frequency distribution for variable data. 正态分布 对变化的数据的一种连续的，对称的，钟形频率分布。

NPI——New Product Introduction新产品介绍

P/T——Measurement precision to customer tolerance ratio测量精确度比允许误差

PFT——Process Functional Analysis流程功能分析

PPM——Parts Per Million每百万单位

Probability——The chance of an event happening or a condition occurring in a random trial. 概率 某一事件在随机试验中的发生或条件发生的机率。

Process——The combination of people, equipment, materials, methods and environment that produce output – a given product or service. It is the particular way of doing something. 流程 可以输出给定产品或服务的人员，设备，材料，方法，以及环境的组合。它是做事的一种特殊方法。

Process Map——A step-by-step pictorial sequence of a process showing process inputs, process outputs, cycle time rework operations, and inspection points. 流程图 对流程进行的分步的图解序列，它列示出流程的输入、输出、周期和检查点。

Process Spread——The extent to which the distribution of individual values of the process characteristic (input or output variable) vary, often shown as the process average plus and minus some number of standard deviations. Other related measures of spread include range and variance. 流程分布度 对某一流程特性（输入或输出变量）的个体值的变化分布的扩展，经常以流程的平均值加减标准差来表示。与分布度相关的其他测量值为范围和变异。

QA——Quality Assurance质量保证

QC——Quality Control质量控制

QFD——Quality Function Deployment质量功能展开

R——Range范围, 极差

R & R——Recognition and Reward认可和奖励

R&R——Repeatability and Reproducibility (for measurement)重复性与再现性

Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)——The multiplication of all individual first pass yields of each step of the entire process. 累计产出率 在全流程中全部每步个体首次产出率的乘积。

RTY——Rolled Throughput Yield累计产出率 (也作累积合格率)

s——Standard Deviation标准差A measure of the spread of the process (width of distribution).测量流程分布的一种方法（分布的宽度）

SIPOC——Supplier Input Process Output Customer高层流程图，包括供给，输入，过程，产出和顾客

Six Sigma Sponsor——A business leader who facilitates the leadership, implementation and deployment of the Six Sigma initiative and breakthrough philosophies, and provides support to black belt(s) and/or green belt(s) and their project(s). 六西格玛发起人 为业务领域的领导，他推动项目的领导权，实施，展开六西格玛的主动行动，以及突破哲学，并向黑带和绿带们提供项目支持。

SOP——Standard Operation Process标准操作程序,Standard Operating Procedure标准运营程序

SPACER——Safety, Purpose, Agenda, Code of Conduct, Expectations, Roles安全,目的,日程,行为规范,期望,角色

SPC——Statistical Process Control统计过程控制

Specification——The engineering or customer requirement for judging acceptability of a particular characteristic. 规格 对某一特征用来判断是否接受的工程要求或客户要求。

Statistical Control——The condition describing a process from which all special/assignable causes of variation have been eliminated and only common/random causes remain. Applies to both the mean (location) and standard deviation (spread). 统计控制 通过消除所有特定的或指定的影响变动的因素，而只保留共同的或随机的因素来描述一个流程的条件。对均值（位置）和标准差（分布）都应用统计控制。

TCS——Total Customer Satisfaction全面客户满意

USL——Upper Specification Limit上限

Variation——Difference between individual measurements. Differences are attributed to common and/or special causes. 变异 个体测量值的差异。该差异归因于共同或特殊的原因。

VOB——Voice of the Business业务之声

VOC——Voice of the Customer客户之声

VOP——Voice of the Process流程之声

X——Process Input variable， including process variables过程输入变量，包括过程变量

X-BAR——Average of the variable X变量X的平均值

Y——Process Output variable过程输出变量

YB——Yellow Belt黄带

Y-BAR——Average of the variable Y变量Y的平均值