初中英语现在完成时的语法时态（7年级英语2种基本时态一般现在时与现在进行时）

一般现在时

1. 定义：

一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，以及存在的状态。

2.标志性词——频度副词

(1) 固定频度单词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom(极少，不常），never

(2) 次数 时间型 短语：once a week, twice a day, three times a day, twice every 3days...

(3) every开头的短语：every day, every morning, every week...

2. 结构：

(1)be型：含有be动词am，is或are的句子。（be动词译为：是，成为。与形容词，数词，介词等搭配表状态时可不译）

a.肯定句：

Eg. I am a student.

He is my friend.

b.否定句中：在be后面直接加not

I am not a student.

He isn’t my friend.

c.一般疑问句：将be直接提到句首。（特例：I am或we are开头的句子变一般疑问改为Are you...?）

Are you a student? Yes, I am./No, I’m not.

Is he your friend? Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.

(2)含有情态动词（can）型 ：

a.肯定句：情态动词后跟动词原形。 Eg.I can play the piano.

b.否定句：在情态动词后面加not。Eg. I can’t play the piano.

c.一般疑问句：将情态动词放在句首。(特例：I /We can 开头的句子改为Can you...?)

Eg. --Can you play the piano?

--Yes, I can./No, I can’t.

(3)含有行为动词型：

a. 当主语非第三人称单数时(非三单：包括you/I在内的所有复数)

肯定句：行为动词不变化

They have lessons in the morning.

否定句：在动词前加don’t

They don’t have lessons in the morning.

一般疑问句：在句首加Do

--Do they have lessons in the morning?

--Yes, they do./No, they don’t.

b. 当主语是第三人称单数时(三单：除了you/I之外的所有单数）

肯定句：行为动词需加-s或-es）：He likes vegetables.

否定句：在行为动词前加doesn’t，并将动词还原成原形：

He doesn't like vegetables.

一般疑问句：在句首加Does，并将动词还原成原形：　　

--Does he like vegetables? --Yes, he does/--No, he doesn't.)

注意： 表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实，必须用一般现在时表达。　

Eg. The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。

用所给词的正确形式填空

1. We often___________(play) on the playgound.

2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock.

3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.

4. What____ (do) he usually _____(do) after school?

5. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.

6. At eight at night, she ________(watch) TV with his parents.

7. ________ Mike________(read) English every day?

选择填空

1.My mother oftenoranges. A. eat B. eats C. eating

2. They usuallyemails to their friends. A. send B. sends C.sending

3. He doesn’t ______ his homework at school. A.do B. is doing C. does

5. Lily and Lucy _________ from America. A. is B. are C. am

根据提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。

Today is Mother’s Day. My brother, Tom, and I want to g______ Mum some nice presents. In the morning, we g_____ to the shop. Tom b______ a big cake. There a____ some words on it. They are “Happy Mother’s Day”. I _____(买) some fruit because Mum _______(喜欢) fruit very much. At about ten, we get home. Tom goes into the kitchen (厨房) to c______ a big meal and I go into my room to m______ a card. At about five o’clock in the afternoon, the door o_____(打开), and Mum comes in. Tom and I say, “Happy Mother’s Day!” Mum i____ very happy to see our presents. How happy we are!

现在进行时

1. 定义:现在进行时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。

2. 标志性时间状语： now, at the moment,Listen! Look!等。

Eg. Look! The dog is running after the car.

3. 结构:am/is/are 动词ing

肯定句：am is are 现在分词/V-ing

Eg. We are having an English class now.

否定句：在be后加not

Eg. We are not having an English class now.

一般疑问句：把be提至句首

Eg.--Are you having an English class now?

--Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.

注意：

a. 某些表示位置移动的动词，如 come、go、leave、fly、arrive 可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。

Eg. Be careful! The bus is coming. 小心！公共汽车就要来了。

Where are you going? 你打算去哪里？

My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven o'clock tomorrow morning.

b. 并不是所有的动作都可以用现在进行时，有一些表示状态、结果、感觉和感情的动词，如have(有)，be(是)，like(喜欢)，know(知道)，want(想要)，think(认为)，see(看见)，hear(听见)，forget(忘记)等，一般不用现在进行时。

选择题

1. Who _____ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing

2. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class.

A. have B. having C. is having D. are having

3. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries

4. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters.

A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing

5. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____.A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep

6. Tom is a worker. He ____ in a factory. His sisters _____ in a hospital.

A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works

用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1. The boy __________ (draw) a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls ___________ (sing) in the classroom.

3. My mother ____________ (cook) some nice food at the moment.

4. What _____ you ______ (do) now?

5. Look, they __________ (have) an English lesson.

6. They ____________(not, water) the flowers at the moment

7. Look, the girls __________ (dance) in the classroom.

用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成下面的短文。

	take, wear, check, talk, read, call, walk,see

There are a lot of people on the bus. Look! The students are ________ about the famous star Zhang Huimei. That tall man ________ a white T-shirt. He’s ________ his son. His mobile phone looks great. In front of him, that is a woman in a red dress. She is ________ emails on the iPad. The screen of the iPad is big. Look at the old man! He is ________. Every morning, people can ____ him on the bus. He ________ the bus to the park. Then he ________ home alone.

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