15085认证焊缝质量等级（15614-1焊接位置评定范围）

本文是关于工艺评定焊接位置覆盖范围的内容，相关表述基于BS EN ISO 15614-1:2004 A2:2012的版本，同时附上标准中原文段落供大家对照。

段落8.4.2 Welding positions对该部分内容作了如下描述：

Welding of a test in any one position(pipe or plate)qualifies for welding in all positions(pipe or plate)except for PG and J-L045 where a separate welding procedure test shall be required.when impact and/or hardness requirements are specified impact tests shall be taken from the weld in the highest heat input position and hardness tests shall be taken from the weld in the lowest heat input position in order to qualify for all positions.For example,butt welds in plate the highest heat input position is normally PF and the lowest PC.For fixed pipe welds the hardness tests shall be taken from the overhead welding position.When neither impact nor hardness requirements are specified,welding in any one position(pipe or plate)qualifies for welding in all positions(pipe or plate).

当试验无冲击和硬度要求时，任何位置的一个工艺评定都可以覆盖全位置（除了PG/J-L045）;当有冲击和硬度要求时，冲击试样要在热输入最高的位置取，硬度试样要在热输入最低的位置取。对于板的对接接头，通常PF（立焊）位置是热出入最高的，PC（横焊）位置是热出入最低的。

To satisfy both hardness and impact requirements two test pieces in different welding positions are required unless a single position qualification is required.where qualification is required for all positions both test pieces shall be subjected to full visual examination and non-destructive testing...... NOTE Other destructive tests may be taken from either test piece.One of the test pieces may be reduced length.

当产品有冲击和硬度要求时，如果用板做工艺评定且想覆盖全位置，则需要焊接两块试件，位置分别为立焊和横焊，并且都需要符合外观和无损检验。

前段时间，公司做ISO 3834的认证，做气保护焊和手工电弧焊全位置工艺时，也是依据该部分内容做的工艺评定：其中一个试件800mm长，立焊位置，完成外观和无损检验后，取拉伸、弯曲、冲击试样；另一个试件200mm长，横焊位置，完成外观和无损检验后，取宏观和硬度试样。

所以，关于焊接位置评定范围，欧标与美标是有明显差别的，要注意区分。

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