基数词和序数词的讲解方法（语法中的难点和重点）

1数词的分类与构成

数词可以分成两类：基数词、序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。

1.1-12

基数词 序数词

1 one 1st first

2 two 2nd second

3 three 3rd third

4 four 4th fourth

5 five 5th fifth

6 six 6th sixth

7 seven 7th seventh

8 eight 8th eithth

9 nine 9th ninth

10 ten 10th tenth

11 eleven 11th eleventh

12 twelve 12th twelfth

说明：

1）1-12为基数词中基本数词；

2）序数词1-3为特殊变化；

3）序数词4-12在相应基数词词尾加-th构成。

注意：

fifth第五，ninth第九和twelfth第十二是特殊拼写。

2.13-19

基数词 序数词

13 thirteen 13th thirteenth

14 fourteen 14th fourteenth

15 fifteen 15th fifteenth

16 sixteen 16th sixteenth

17 seventeen 17th seventeenth

18 eighteen 18th eighteenth

19 nineteen 19th nineteenth

说明：

1）13-19基数词在数词3-9后加-teen构成。其中13，15发生拼写变化。

2） 序数词在基数词后加-th构成。

3. 20-99

基数词 序数词

20 twenty 20th twentieth

21 twenty-one 21st twenty-first

29 twenty-nine 29th twenty-ninth

30 thirty 30th thirtieth

40 forty 40th fortieth

50 fifty 50th fiftieth

60 sixty 60th sixtieth

70 seventy 70th seventieth

80 eighty 80th eightieth

90 ninety 90th ninetieth

93 ninety-three 93th ninety-third

99 ninety-nine 99th ninety-nith

说明：

1）20-90整十位数,在基数词2-9后面加后缀ty构成。其中20、30、40和50拼写发生变化。

2）20-90整十位数的序数词构成时，将相应基数词词尾-y变成i，再加-eth。

3） 十位数之间的数，由十位数加个位数构成，中间用连字符号。构成序数词时，十位数用基数词表示，个位数用序数词表示。

4. 100-1,000,000

基数词 序数词

100 one hundred 100th (one) hundredth

200 two hundred 200th two hundredth

202 two hundred(and) two 202nd two hundred

247 two hundred (and) forty-seven 247th two hundred(and) forty-seventh

1,000 one thousand 1,000th (one) thousandth

2,000 two thousand 2,000th two thousandth

2,001 two thousand (and) one 2,000th two thousandt

2425 two thousand, four hundred (and)twenty-five 2425th two thousand, four

hundred (and)twenty-fifth

10,000 ten thousand 10,000th ten thousandth

100,000 one hundred thousand 100,000th one hundred thousandth

1,000,000one million 1,000,000th (one) millionth

小结：关于英语基数词和序数词的运用，如果我们单纯地记忆，让人容易忘记。但是大家只要掌握以上四个规律和特点，反复记忆，多做练习，加深记忆，肯定能学好这个知识点呢！

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