世界经济史研究对象（南美洲考古面具引发怎样的猜想）

标题：Funerary ritualsBlood not so simpleA South American funeral mask raises intriguing questions葬礼仪式血不是那么简单南美洲的一个葬礼面具引发了有趣的问题A funeral mask painted with human bloodWhether the donor was willing will forever remain unknown涂有人血的丧葬面具捐赠者是否愿意将永远是个未知数Paragraph 1：THIS FUNERAL mask, photographed by Yoshii Yutaka of the Sicán Archaeological Project, in Peru, was discovered 30 years ago, 800km to the north of Lima. 这幅丧葬面具由秘鲁西坎考古项目的吉井丰拍摄的，这面具是30年前在利马以北800公里处被发现The Sicán were a group who flourished around 500 years before the arrival, in the 1500s, of Europeans.西坎人是大约500年前，在16世纪欧洲人到来之前就已经繁荣昌盛的一个群体The red paint adorning the mask is made of cinnabar, a compound of mercury and sulphur. 面具上的红色颜料是由朱砂制成的，朱砂是汞和硫的化合物But turning cinnabar into paint requires a binding agent—and in this case it must have been a good one, to keep the paint attached to the mask for so long. 但是把朱砂变成颜料需要一种粘合剂，在这种情况下，它一定是一种很好的粘合剂，可以让颜料附着在面具上这么长时间Luciana da Costa Carvalho of Oxford University therefore set out to discover what it was.因此，牛津大学的卢西亚娜·达·科斯塔·卡瓦略开始探索这是什么，现在小编就来说说关于世界经济史研究对象?下面内容希望能帮助到你，我们来一起看看吧!

世界经济史研究对象

标题：Funerary ritualsBlood not so simpleA South American funeral mask raises intriguing questions葬礼仪式血不是那么简单南美洲的一个葬礼面具引发了有趣的问题A funeral mask painted with human bloodWhether the donor was willing will forever remain unknown涂有人血的丧葬面具捐赠者是否愿意将永远是个未知数Paragraph 1：THIS FUNERAL mask, photographed by Yoshii Yutaka of the Sicán Archaeological Project, in Peru, was discovered 30 years ago, 800km to the north of Lima. 这幅丧葬面具由秘鲁西坎考古项目的吉井丰拍摄的，这面具是30年前在利马以北800公里处被发现。The Sicán were a group who flourished around 500 years before the arrival, in the 1500s, of Europeans.西坎人是大约500年前，在16世纪欧洲人到来之前就已经繁荣昌盛的一个群体。The red paint adorning the mask is made of cinnabar, a compound of mercury and sulphur. 面具上的红色颜料是由朱砂制成的，朱砂是汞和硫的化合物。But turning cinnabar into paint requires a binding agent—and in this case it must have been a good one, to keep the paint attached to the mask for so long. 但是把朱砂变成颜料需要一种粘合剂，在这种情况下，它一定是一种很好的粘合剂，可以让颜料附着在面具上这么长时间。Luciana da Costa Carvalho of Oxford University therefore set out to discover what it was.因此，牛津大学的卢西亚娜·达·科斯塔·卡瓦略开始探索这是什么。

Paragraph 2:Initial mass spectroscopy suggested proteins were involved, but shed no light on which. 最初的质谱分析表明涉及蛋白质，但并没有阐明其中的原因。A follow-up study, however, produced the astonishing suggestion that the binder in question was chimpanzee blood—astonishing because chimps are African, not American animals. 然而，一项后续研究得出了一个令人惊讶的结论，即所讨论的粘合剂是黑猩猩的血液，令人惊讶的原因是，黑猩猩是非洲动物，而不是美洲动物。Further investigation revealed the mistake. The blood was actually from chimps’ close relatives, Homo sapiens.进一步调查发现了这个错误。这些血液实际上来自黑猩猩的近亲智人。Paragraph 3:Human blood is sticky when it clots, and would certainly bind cinnabar to gold for a millennium—but so would that of many other species. 人类血液凝结时是粘性的，可以将朱砂和黄金粘粘时间之久可达一千年，但许多其他物种的血液也是如此。This suggests human blood in particular was chosen for another, presumably ritual, reason. 这表明，人类的血液特别是被选择的另一个原因，大概是仪式原因。Being picked as the donor of this blood may well have been an honour, though that is impossible to tell. 尽管这很难说明白，但是被选为这种血液的捐献者可能是一种荣誉。But given many pre-Columbian peoples’ proclivity for human sacrifice, rather than mere bloodletting, it might not have been an honour that was highly sought after.但考虑到许多前哥伦布民族倾向于人类牺牲，而不仅仅是放血，这可能不是一项备受追捧的荣誉。（恭喜读完，本篇英语词汇量259左右）原文出自：2021年11月6日《The Economist》Science & technology版块。精读笔记来源于：自由英语之路本文翻译整理：Irene本文编辑校对：Irene仅供个人英语学习交流使用。

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【重点句子】（1个）Being picked as the donor of this blood may well have been an honour, though that is impossible to tell. 尽管这很难说明白，但是被选为这种血液的捐献者可能是一种荣誉。【重点词汇】（5个）cinnabar/ˈsɪnəbɑː(r)/n. 朱砂；赤色硫化水银binding agent粘合剂；黏合剂spectroscopy/spekˈtrɒskəpi/ n. 光谱学，波谱分析proclivity/prəˈklɪvəti/ n. 倾向；癖性bloodletting/ˈblʌdletɪŋ/ v. 放血n. 放血疗法；血洗【重点词根】（1 4个）proclivity=pro-前 cliv-倾斜 -ity, 表名词 → 向前倾斜->倾向，癖性词根cliv- 与词根clim-clin-同源来自拉丁语，= lean, slope, 表示“倾斜，斜坡”，如：acclivity/əˈklɪvɪtɪ/ n. 向上的斜坡；上斜declivity/dɪˈklɪvɪtɪ/ n. 倾斜, 下坡syncline/ˈsɪŋklaɪn/ n. 向斜clinometer /klaɪˈnɒmɪtə(r)/ n. 倾斜仪；测斜器

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