高考英语语法考点归纳（高考英语高频易错语法总结讲义）

心理情绪类形容词

心理情绪类形容词－ed型表示“感到··...··的”；－ing 型表示“令人···. ··的”，如inspiring 令人鼓舞的；鼓舞人心的，inspired 感到鼓舞的；受启发的

非谓语动词

感官动词see,watch, notice,hear 等和使役动词 make, have后的宾补用省略to的不定式结构即do sth 表动作全过程，用doing sth表正在进行，用to do/did/does都不正确, 如I saw the mist rise up./I saw the mist rising up.

定语从句

1.介词后指人的关系代词用 whom, 指物用 which.

2.关系代词whose 表所属关系作定语

3.非限定定语从句引导词不能用that，其它规则不变；非限定定语从句which可指代前面整句话

部分否定

无论not位置在哪儿，与both, all, every等词同时出现都表示部分否定，例如Not all that glitters is gold.= All that glitters is not gold. 并非所有发光的都是金子。

谓语动词

1.现在完成时的时间标志词：since 时间点；for 时间段；recently/lately (最近);in recent months/years…/ so far/up to now(到目前为止); in/over/during the last/past…(在过去的…里); 现在完成时主动形式have/has done ,被动语态为 have/has been done

2.情态动词后加动词原形，构成“情态动词＋do”结构；其被动式为“情态动词＋be done”.

3.现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时的主动和被动语态：have/has done(主动）→have/has been done(被动）；had done(主动）→had been done(被动）；will do(主动）→will be done(被动）

数词

1.基数词表数量，two thousand people/students 两千人/学生；thousands of people/students 数以千计的人/学生

2.序数词表顺序，the second floor 第二层，the sixteenth birthday 16岁生日，the twelfth anniversary 12周年纪念日

名词的数

1.常考的不可数名词：advice(建议), progress(进步), fun(乐趣；趣事), luck(幸运), information(信息), news(新闻), weather(天气), work(工作)，homework(家庭作业), housework(家务活), paperwork(文书工作), furniture(家具), equipment(设备), health(健康), music(音乐), luggage/baggage(行礼), harm(伤害) ,rubbish(垃圾)等.

2.名词只用复数形式的情况：good manners(有礼貌); take/by turns(轮流); in high/low spirits(情绪高涨/低落); in tears(流泪); send greetings/regards to sb(向...传达问候）；with thanks(感谢)；a pair of trousers(裤子)；a pair of glasses(眼镜)；a pair of scissor(剪刀)

3.many/quite a few/every few/several/most/a couple of/one of 限定词＋可数名词复数。注意；many a 可数名词单词 许多...如many a student

4.在下列固定词组中名词无复数形式：

in one’s opinion(某人认为);

to one’s surprise(令某人出乎意料);

show/express appreciation to sb(向某人表达感激);

have/take/show (an) interest in sth.(对..感兴趣) ;

have difficulty/trouble doing/with sth. .(做某事有困难)

介词的冗余、残缺与误用

及物动词后直接加宾语，不需要加介词，受母语干扰误加介词的有：

1.“进人某地”enter sp 易误用为enter into sp

2.“为某人服务”serve for sb. 易误用为serve for sb.

3.“答应某人，向某人承诺”promise sb. 易误用为promise to sb.

4.“借给某人某物”lend sb. sth. 易误用为lend te sb. sth.

5.“和某人结婚”marry sb.或be/get married to sb.易误用为marry with/to sb.

6.“与某人联系”contact sb.易误用为contact with sb.

7.“缺乏自信”lack confidence(lack为动词), a lack of confidence(lack为名词); be lacking in confidence (lacking为形容词词) 易误用为lack of confidence

7.“讨论问题”discuss the problem 易误用为discuss about the problem

8.“到达某地”reach someplace易误用为reach to someplace

9.“接近某物，靠近某物”approach sth.易误用为approach to sth.

10.基础短语中常见的介词误用：help sb with sth., share sb with sth., spend time/money in doing sth./on sth.

受母语干扰，不及物动词后漏加介词的有：

1.“敲门”是 knock at/on the door

2.“回答问题”是 reply to the question=answer the question

3.“同意你的观点”是 agree with you

4.“听音乐”是 listen to music

5.“到达某地”是arrive at/in sp,但 arrive home/there/here中不加介词

5.“担心某人／某事”是 worry about sb./sth.,而worry sb.表示“使某人担心”

6.“抱怨某事”是 complain of/about sth.

7.“梦想做某事”是 dream of/about doing sth.

其他易考情况：

1.当表示时间的名词 morning,week,Sunday等被 this, that, last, next, some, every等词限定时，其前不加介词。

2.aware“意识到”为形容词，其用法是 be aware of, be aware that. . . 等。

3.fond“喜爱”为形容词，其用法是be fond of.

4.be afraid/disappointed 介词＋that从句（应删掉介词）

5.return不与back连用,但与to连用, 如return to school, return home

常考介词的词义：

1.across 横过，从一边到另一边

2.beyond(时间）在······之后；（位置上）在·······的另一边：beyond the village 在村子的另一边；超出be beyond sb. 超出某人的理解能力，beyond one’s imagination 超乎想象

3.off离，距；脱离；远离：an island off the coast 海岸附近的岛；Paint began to fall off the wall. 油漆开始从墙上脱落。

4.against ①逆；反对；违反against the law 违反法律 ②倚；紧靠：against the wall 紧靠着墙 ③衬托；以·······为背景 ④防：protect against 防止

5.for就····而言；为了；表示一段时间；表示距离：for 时间段（for five decades 五十年）；for 距离（for miles 几英里）

6.over 渡过；穿越；多于；在······期间

连词

熟记下列连词的意思：

1.as long as=so long as 只要

2.so far as=as far as 就．．．．．．而言

3.if only...要是······就好了

4.only if...只要·.....

5.now(that), since, as, for, in that,because 因为

6.given that 鉴于，考虑到

7.supposing/assuming(that)假定，假设

区分连词和介词：

1.随着：with(介），as(连）with time going by; as time goes by

2.在······期间：during(介），while(连）

3.虽然，尽管：despite/in spite of(介），although/though/while/as(连）

4.因为：for(介、连），because/as/since(连）

形容词比较等级

1.原级无比较意义，同级比较：as 原级＋as...,not as/so＋原级＋as. . . ;有too, very, quite, enough 修饰。

2.can't be too adj. 再······也不为过，越·····越好。

3.比较级：标志词than; 注意句意暗含比较；否定句中的比较级表示肯定意义；much, even, far, a little, a bit 等修饰比较级。

4.favorite, perfect,superior, right,wrong 等比较级、最高级。

5.最高级：三者以上比较：of/in短语表比较范围；one of the 形容词最高级＋名词复数。

6.形容词最高级前必须用the修饰，副词最高级前可用可不用。

极易混淆的词语

besides(此外)/beside(在...旁边); late(迟到的;晚地)/later(后来)/latest(最新的)/lately(最近)

near（在...旁边）/nearly(几乎；将近); hard(困难的；努力地)/hardly(几乎不)

ever(曾经)/never(从不), ; ago（...前，用于一般过去时）/before(...前，用于过去完成时；在...之前),

there(那儿)/here(这儿); many(修饰可数名词)/much(修饰不可数名词),

so(如此，修饰形容词、副词原级)/such（如此，修饰名词 ）,

too(也，肯定句句尾)/either(也,用于否定句句尾),

wide(宽的；宽地，具体概念)/widely(广泛地, 抽象概念),

deep(深的; 深地，具体概念)/deeply(深深地，抽象概念)

close(近的；近地, 具体概念)/closely（紧密地、密切地，抽象概念）

high(高的；高地，具体概念)/highly(高度地, 抽象概念).

同步练习 1

请根据首字母或使用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. Learning __________ (establish) a friendship with people around is vital in society.

2. _________ (construct) in the 19th century, the five-storey building was turned into a museum in 1980.

3. He went to town with the p___________ of buying a new iPhone.

4. Keep this dictionary for __________ (refer) in case you meet with new words when reading.

5. He is interested in stamps and has a large ___________ (collect) of stamps

6. This is a matter of great ___________ (urge) which should be dealt with without delay.

7. I offered the a __________ suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.

8. The poor child is from a r___________ mountain village.

9. I tried ___________ (comfort) her by telling her that everything would be all right.

10. To me, the first thing is to overcome the language b__________, or it will be difficult to live here.

11. He finally o_____________ what he had always wanted.

12. Our company has a _____________ (commit) to quality and customer service.

13. She presented the teacher with a bunch of flowers on b________ of all the students of her class.

14. Each year, more and more people do v________ work to help the disabled and the elderly.

15. The desks and seats can be a_________ to the height of any children.

16. Everyone in the class was expected __________ (participate) in the food festival to welcome the year 2015.

17. Graduates are encouraged to work in the r___________ regions in western China.

18. All means have been tried, but we still can’t find any ___________ (solve).

19. I rang Joan and reminded her that the conference had been c___________.

20. The most u__________ (urge) in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building.

1.to establish 2.Constructed 3.purpose 4. reference 5. collection 6. urgency 7.alternative 8.remote 9.to comfort 10.barrier 11.obtained 12.commitment 13. behalf 14. voluntary 15. adjusted 16. to participate 17. remote 18. solution 19. canceled 20. urgent

同步练习 2

用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. It is time that the government _________ (take) measures to protect the rare birds and animals.

2. Jack _________ (arrive) yet, otherwise he would have phoned me.

3. He talks as if he _________ (be ) in the USA for many years.

4. It’s strange that he _________ (not join) the meeting yesterday.

5. If only I _________ (not meet) that man.

6. The order is that everyone _________ (give) a five-minute talk in class.

7. If I _________ (catch) the early bus this morning, I would not have been late for school.

8. If he _________ (be) to come today, I might be free to talk with him.

9. If I _________ (be) a boy, I would join the army.

10. If he _________ (take) my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.

11. If it _________ (rain) tomorrow, the football match would be put off.

12. She suggested we _________ (leave) here at once.

13. It was a pity that you _________ (be) so careless.

14. It’s time that I _________ (pick up) my daughter.

15. If only I _________ (take) his advice.

16. He did it as if he _________ (be) an expert.

1. took 2. didn’t arrive 3. had been 4. didn’t join 5. had not met 6. (should) give 7. had caught 8. Were 9. Were 10. had taken 11. were to/should rain 12. (should) leave 13. should be 14. picked up 15. had taken 16. were

同步练习 3

Do you consider yourself a procrastinator? Do you ever find that despite having a ton of work to do, you end up 1.___________ (distract) yourself with unrelated conversations, random videos or maybe even chores?

Procrastination is a very common behavior 2. ___________ people end up doing something at the last minute, despite having plenty 3.___________time beforehand. But, it might not be a sign of 4. ___________ (lazy) or an inability to concentrate.

In this video, we're going to dig deeper into the roots of procrastination and explore how it can 5. ___________ (significant) affect a person's wellbeing. Procrastination 6. ___________ (define) as "the action of delaying or postponing something". In modern life, this can refer to anything—whether it be household chores, completing a report for work, 7. _______ writing just a dissertation(论文；学术演讲). The common thread 8.___________ connects tasks that are affected by procrastination is that they are not seen as fun, 9. ___________ rather, stressful.

Nonetheless, they are things that we must do. Interestingly, procrastination isn't simply a case of poor time management. Those who do 10. _______ are just as capable of estimating time as everyone else, and they actually tend to be more optimistic than the norm.

答案与解析：

1，考查非谓语动词，v-ing做宾语。end up doing…为固定搭配，意为“以……告终；结束”。

2，考查定语从句，从句缺状语，把先行词“behavior”看作某个场所，故填where.

3，考查介词，plenty of为固定搭配，意为“大量；许多”。

4，考查词性转换，空格前面为介词of, 故填名词形式。

5，考查副词，修饰动词affect，故填significantly。

6，考查谓语动词，根据语境，此处用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语Procrastination为第三人称单数，故填is defined。

7，考查连词，“whether…or…”意为“是……还是……”。

8，考查定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词thread为物，故填that / which。

9，考查并列连词，“not…but...”意为“不是……而是……”。

10, 考查代词，it指代上文的procrastination。

同步练习 4

In many cases,they would much prefer people think they are lacking effort as opposed to lacking ability. And lastly, Indecisive—indecisive procrastinators find 1. ___________ difficult to make definitive decisions, so take a long time to get anything 2. ___________ (do).

This often leads 3. ___________ a decision being avoided altogether and can in the mind of the person doing it, relinquishes (放弃；放手；让渡) any responsibility from how the following events transpire (发生).

How does this behavior develop? Procrastination is not a behavior people are born 4. ___________, it's one that's learned throughout life. While the full causes are not 5. ___________ (complete) understood, it's thought one cause is from the family.

For example, those 6. ___________ grow up in an authoritarian(独裁主义的；权力主义的) environment, tend to have everything dictated to them, and don't develop the 7. ___________ (able) to regulate their own actions as well—from the internalization (内化) of the importance of doing something 7. ___________ carrying out the actual task. 8. ___________, in our modern, fast-paced society, the dominant cause of procrastination 9. ___________(think) to be stress and anxiety.

Procrastinators can be smart, capable, and hard-working individuals. However, when stress levels are too 10. ___________ (overwhelm), it can become paralyzing, leading an individual to seek distractions and put off doing a task.

答案与解析：

1，考查代词it的用法，it在此处用作形式宾语。

2，考查非谓语动词，“get sth. done”意为“让/使某事被……；请某人来做……”。

3，考查介词，lead to为固定搭配，意为“导致，通向”。

4，考查介词，be born with意为“天生……”。

5，考查副词，修饰谓语动词are not understood。

6，考查定语从句，先行词为those，指代人，从句缺主语，故填who。

7，考查介词，from...to...从……到……。

8，考查上下句关联词，空格前后两句存明显的转折关系，且有逗号隔开，故填However。

9，考查谓语动词，主语the dominant cause of procrastination与提示词think之间为被动关系，故需用被动语态，再根据语境可知，应用一般现在时，故填is thought。

10，考查非谓语动词，现在分词做表语，在此处相当于一个形容词，overwhelming意为“强悍而令人难以应对的；压倒性的；势不可挡的。

材料选自网络，仅用于学术交流。作者：成都七中，如涉及版权等问题，请在后台留言，联系立删。

,