嵌入式发展趋势简答：嵌入式知识汇总

嵌入式工程师

• 硬件核心(Hardware Core)
• Controller(控制器)
• CPU

AMD x86 x64Intel x86 x64

• MCU

MCS-51HCS12AVR XMEGAESPColdfireARMSTM32FreeScale K60 K40PIC32 PIC12/14/16TM4C123 TM4C129XStellaris lm4f120CC3200Renesas R-Car BoardsMIPS Creator CI20MPU

• SOC

OMAPBCM2835(Raspberry Pi A 、B、B )BCM2836(Raspberry Pi 2B)

• CPLD

Altera EPM7128SLattice LC4128VXilinx XC9500

• FPGA

Altera CycloneLattice MachXO2 MachXO3

• PowerPC

MPC505、821、850、860、8240、8245

QUICC ⅡMPC826

QUICC Ⅲ MPC8560

• DSC

TMS320F28xMC56 F83xMIPS

• Actuator(执行器)
• 直流电机

有刷直流电机无刷直流电机

• 交流电机

单相电机三相电机

• 步进电机
• 直线电机
• 舵机
• 伺服电机
• sensor(传感器)

RIP(人体红外)Temperature(温度)humidity sensor（湿度传感器）geomagnetic sensor（地磁传感器）acceleration transducer（加速度传感器）optoelectronic switch （光电开关）pneumatic sensor (气流传感器)current sensor (电流传感器)soil sensor (土壤传感器)llumination sensor (光照传感器)laser sensor (激光传感器)Motion(运动)电压传感器three-axis gyroscope（三轴陀螺仪）Camera 感光元件（图像传感器）baroceptor（气压传感器）gas sensor（气敏传感器）Dust concentration sensor（粉尘浓度传感器）PM2.5Water level sensor（水位传感器）Pulse sensor（脉搏传感器）EEG sensor（脑皮质电位传感器）

• Electronic Component(电子元件)

电容保护装置端子与连接器电线开关SwitchKeypadRelay电阻Thermistor (热敏电阻)Varistor(压敏电阻)Photosensitive resistance(光敏电阻)电磁感应装置network电阻排忆阻器压电装置、晶体谐振器电源二极管晶体管

• MCU/CPU/DSP/SOC peripherals

ADC / DACRTCTimer / Watchdog Timer (定时器)Flash / NAND FlashROM / EEPROMRAMSDRAMDDR1 DDR2 DDR3 DDR4CachePWMI/O / GPIOUARTModemDTMFCANSPII2CIEEECRCInterrupt (中断)

• Communication(通信)

硬件间无线通信BluetoothXbee / ZigbeeZ-Wave6LoWPANNFCWifiRadioIR (红外)802.11Sub-GHZ 1Ghz以下RF硬件通信UARTI2CRS232C/RS485HDLCSPI/SCI/SICANUSBFireWire1-wire网络协议HTTPCoAPMQTTXMPPWebSocketUDPTCP

• 软件编程

CommonISRDriverDMAI2COSuCOSContikiTinyOSVXWorksFreeRTOSmbed OSemOSSalvoMQXRIOTrt-threadLinuxuCLinuxopenWRTWindowsWindows CEWindows 10 IoT Corenon-OSLwIP

• 电路

基础焊电路模拟电路数字电路PCB设计设计工具EAGLECadenceProtelAltiumMentorKicadgEADZUKENPADSFreePCBFritzingPCBmodE布线/布线电路仿真原理仿真软件MultisimProteusPspice信号仿真软件ADSHFSSHyperLynxSigrityMATLABOTHERS

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