统计学原理第一章总结（知识集统计学总结）

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Today Xiaobian brings you the knowledge sharing of Summary of knowledge sets | statistics, welcome to your visit.

统计学主要是对数据进行分析，分析数据的集中趋势、离散程度、偏态与峰度、数据分布类型；重点在于参数估计与假设检验，其实质是指数据值在某一范围的概率的转化，参数估计为已知概念求区间；假设检验为将估计量与满足概率的数值进行比较即可；相关与回归方面，主要是对两个变量的线性相关进行分析、求解、检验；时间序列主要是对按时间排列的数据进行长期趋势、循环、季度分析、不规则四方面的分析或去除；指数主要为对两因素影响一个因变量的情况进行两个变量对因变量的单独分析，常见如，价格对销售额影响、销量对价格的影响、平均数计算中的变量对平均数的影响、结构对平均数的影响。

Statistics is mainly to analyze the data, analyze the concentration trend, degree of dispersion, skew and kurtosis, and data distribution type of the data; The focus is on parameter estimation and hypothesis testing, the essence refers to the transformation of the probability of the data value in a certain range, and the parameter is estimated to be the interval of a known concept; Hypothesis testing is sufficient to compare the estimator with the value of the probability of satisfaction; Correlation and regression, mainly the linear correlation of two variables is analyzed, solved, and tested; Time series is mainly to analyze or remove long-term trends, cycles, quarterly analysis, and irregular four aspects of data arranged by time; The index is mainly a separate analysis of the dependent variable by two variables for the situation where two factors affect a dependent variable, commonly such as the impact of price on sales, the impact of sales on price, the influence of variables in average calculation on average, and the influence of structure on average.

注意事项：

1、计算方差时，需要将总频数减1；

2、计算比率相关的区间或检验时，若比率未知，则用最大值0.5代替；

3、区间估计、假设检验两方面，需要辨析总体数量、分析类型、数据分布、双侧或单侧检验、总体方差、大小样本、匹配或独立样本。

Note:

1. When calculating the variance, you need to subtract the total frequency by 1;

2. When calculating the interval or test related to the ratio, if the ratio is unknown, the maximum value of 0.5 is used instead;

3. Interval estimation and hypothesis testing, it is necessary to distinguish the population quantity, analysis type, data distribution, bilateral or unilateral test, population variance, size sample, matching or independent sample.

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参考资料：《统计学》

翻译：Google翻译

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