做英语阅读的技巧与方法（英语阅读如何快速做对）

全国卷高考英语阅读占分30分，重要性不言而喻,所以如何能在实战中快速做对题，今天我们结合真题快速的教给大家方法和技巧。

方法：首先拿到题先判断是细节题还是主旨题，然后根据细节题和主旨题的做题方法去分别解题。

细节题的做题方法就是要找到题干中的关键词，然后准确定位，最后翻译出这句话，同义替换出答案。

主旨题的做题方法就是去全文找主题词，最后正确答案选项一定含有主题词。

　2018年3卷B篇

Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.

Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.

But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.

24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?

A. Its business culture.

B. Its small population.

C. Its geographical position.

D. Its favourable climate.

25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?

A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.

B. One out of five people got rich.

C. Almost everyone gave up.

D. Half of them died.

26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?

A. They found the city too crowded.

B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.

C. They were unable to stand the winter.

D. They were short of food.

27. What is the text mainly about?

A. The rise and fall of a city.

B. The gold rush in Canada.

C. Journeys into the wilderness.

D. Tourism in Dawson.

做题分析

首先拿到题，看一下这4道题，24题属于细节题，25题属于细节题，26题属于细节题，27题属于主旨题

24题，What attracted the early settlers to New York City?我们可以看到这句话的意思是：什么吸引了早起的定居者到纽约城市？

这句话的关键词是New York City和the early settlers，所以我们去文章中找对应的句子，在第一段第2行，我们看到 New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. 我们知道细节题往往考的就是1-2句话，所以不需要看太多。很多同学不会翻译这句话，其实把认识的翻译一下也能得出答案，这里面的near和river认识就能出来，接近河边，所以答案选C，地理位置。

这句话的翻译为：纽约城市，例如，是接近一个大的港口在哈德逊河口。 所以答案选C，地理位置。A意思为它的商业文化，B意思为它小的人口，D为它宜人的气候

25题， What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?这句话意思是（逐词翻译）：我们知道关于第一批去挖黄金的人在 Dawson的什么？ 关键词为：first dug for gold ，所以去文章中找，在第二段最后一句， Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich.此句的翻译：在这第一批2万人中挖黄金的，4000个人变富裕。所以看选项，得知B选项，五分之一的变富，为正确答案。

其他选项的意思A的意思为三分之二的人留在那里，C的意思为几乎所有人都放弃了，D他们中的一半都死了。

26题，What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson? 这句话的意思是：什么是主要的原因对于很多人去离开Dawson？

这句话的关键词为many people leave ，所以去文章中找，在第三段的第三行我们找到left，所以我们把整句话进行翻译，

The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. （直译）这个城市充满了了感到失望的人伴随着没有兴趣定居下来，而且当他们听到那里有新的黄金发现的鹅时候在阿拉斯加，他们立刻离开这个城市一样的快像来的时候。

所以根据翻译得知，答案选择B，他们想尝试一下运气在其他地方。而其他选项意思：A他们发现城市太拥挤了 C 他们不能够忍受冬天 D他们食物短缺

27题. What is the text mainly about?什么是这篇文章主要关于的？我们需要看一下文章起承转合的意思。也就是第一段的第一句和最后一句，第二段的第一句，第三段的第一句和最后一句。简单概括一下即可

Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river.

城市通常有一个很重要的原因选择在那里，靠近港口或河流

But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.

但是黄金被发现在1897年，二年之后，它是西部最大的城市，人口3万

Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.

道森这个城市没有任何的自然便利，不像伦敦和巴黎。

But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable.

但是无论城市多么富裕，道森从不会舒服

Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.

旅游业是现在主要的业务，他的人口是762

所以的我们得知，将来道森这个城市的兴衰和起落。所以选择A. 而B为在加拿大的淘金热，显然不是只讲淘金，C荒野旅行，就更不对了，D讲的是道森的旅游业，这个是最后才提到的，所以也不对

今天就讲到这里，请同学们用心看几遍，觉得不错的点赞加关注哦！

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