高考英语情态动词大全（高中英语语法讲解）

情态动词是高中英语语法教学的重点，也是高考的热点。现将高考中情态动词的常考知识点归纳如下：

一、情态动词的基本用法

情态动词可以用来表示推测，也可以用来表示能力、允许、必须、可能性、意愿、建议等。

【考例】

1. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _____ say where he was. (江苏2012)

A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t

C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t

2. —I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?

—Don’t worry. He _____ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. (北京2011)

A. must not B. need not

C. would not D. might not

3. It _____ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock. (江西2011)

A. mustn’t B. can’t

C. won’t D. needn’t

4. The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they _____. (四川2011)

A. can B. may

C. must D. should

5. —Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

—I am afraid you _____, in case he comes late for the meeting. (福建2011)

A. will B. must

C. may D. can

6. You _____ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.(湖南2010)

A. must B. mustn’t

C. have to D. don’t have to

[Key: 1-6 CDBABD]

二、情态动词的特殊用法

★ shall用于第二、三人称，表示决心、许诺、威胁、命令或规定等。

★ must可表示讽刺或抱怨，意为“偏要，硬要”。

★ may用于祈使句表示祝愿。may well用来表示可能性，意为“很可能”；may as well用来提出建议，意为“不妨，还是……为好”。

★ should表示惊异，意为“竟然”,常用于句式why / how should ... 或It’s strange / surprising / ... that sb. should ... 中。

【考例】

1. —Will you read me a story, Mummy?

—OK. You _____ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. (陕西2011)

A. might B. must

C. could D. shall

2. If you _____ smoke, please go outside.(2011大纲全国卷II)

A. can B. should

C. must D. may

[Key: 1-2 DC]

三、情态动词 have done

★ must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。

★ may / might have done表示过去可能发生过某事。

★ could have done表示过去可能发生，但并未发生，含有埋怨或训斥之意；也可表示对过去可能发生的事情的一种推测。

★ should / ought to have done表示过去本该做（某事）而事实上未做；should not / ought not to have done表示过去本不该做（某事）但事实上却做了，含有批评、责备之意。

★ need have done表示过去本来有必要去做（某事），但事实上没有做；need not have done表示过去本来没有必要做（某事），但事实上却做了。

【考例】

1. —Happy birthday!

—Thank you! It’s the best present I _____ for. (江苏2012)

A. should have wished B. must have wished

C. may have wished D. could have wished

2. —I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _____ it. (江苏2011)

A. will have stolen B. might have stolen

C. should have stolen D. must have stolen

3. Jack described his father, who _____ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. (安徽2010)

A. would be B. would have been

C. must be D. must have been

4. I _____ have watched that movie — it’ll give me horrible dreams. (山东2010)

A. shouldn’t B. needn’t

C. couldn’t D. mustn’t

5. Mark _____ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. (天津2010)

A. needn’t B. wouldn’t

C. mustn’t D. couldn’t

[Key: 1-5 DBDAA]

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