英语高考题汇编之虚拟语气（英语学科知识点）

在虚拟语气中，含有非真实条件句的复合句使用最为普遍，学习时要特别注意从句和主句谓语动词(因动作发生时间不同而具有)的几种不同组合形式教师网整理了虚拟语气相关知识点，希望对广大考生备考有所帮助，接下来我们就来聊聊关于英语高考题汇编之虚拟语气?以下内容大家不妨参考一二希望能帮到您!

英语高考题汇编之虚拟语气

在虚拟语气中，含有非真实条件句的复合句使用最为普遍，学习时要特别注意从句和主句谓语动词(因动作发生时间不同而具有)的几种不同组合形式。教师网整理了虚拟语气相关知识点，希望对广大考生备考有所帮助。

一、虚拟语气的三种基本类型

1.与现在事实相反：①条件从句谓语：动词过去式(be 一般用were)

②主句谓语：would/should/could/might 动词原形

例如：If I saw him now, I would be very happy.

2.与过去事实相反：①条件从句谓语：had 过去分词

②主句谓语：would/should/could/might have 过去分词

例如：If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy.

3.与将来事实相反：(1)条件从句谓语：①动词过去式②should 动词原形③were to 动词原形

(2)主句谓语：would/should/could/might 动词原形

例如：If I were/should be/were to be you tomorrow, I shouldn’t quarrel with him.

Even if 引导的让步状语从句，其谓语形式与if 虚拟条件句相同。

Nothing could have saved the wounded man even if he had been treated without delay.

二、(时间)混合虚拟语气

条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致(如一个是过去发生的，一个是现在发生的)。这时主从句动词的形式要根据时间来调整，使用各自的谓语动词。

例如： Tom would be alive today if the doctor had come sooner last night.

三、倒装的虚拟条件句(were, had, should)

If 条件句中有were, had(助动词)和should时，可使用倒装结构，但if必须省略。

If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy. =Had I see him then, I would have been very happy.

若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩成weren’t, shouldn’t, hadn’t而置于句首。

If I were not so busy, I would go with you. =Were I not so busy, I would go with you.

四、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气(without，with，but，for，or，otherwise或上下文)

用without(=but for)，or (else)，otherwise暗示if从句

例如：but for his help, we wouldn’t have made such great progress.

当上下文或上下句中的语境暗示的时候，省略条件句，避免重复。

It was not a matter of money. Even a very poor man would have done the same, I think.

五、虚拟条件句两个常用的固定句式(if it weren’t for…和if it hadn’t been for…)

If it weren’t for…和if it hadn’t been for…是两个很正常的虚拟语气句型，其意为若不是(有);要不是有。

其倒装形式是：Were it not for…和Had it not been for…

此句型可与but for, without “要不是’(后加名词，句子谓语动词常与虚拟语气)等替换。

一些特定的英语句型或表达中常需要使用虚拟语气，也应是我们在学习时特别关注的地方。考生们可以通过强化训练进行巩固掌握。

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