砚山古池小院（家在龙山凤水间）

驱车往安庆市郊约25公里处的宜秀区白麟村，不过半个多小时车程便是邓家大屋，清代书法大家邓石如的“铁砚山房”坐落在这里。

眼前的铁砚山房古色古香，很有历史沉淀感。从这座山房里走出了邓家多位名人，尤为人们熟知的是邓石如、邓稼先。所以，铁砚山房也称为两邓故居。

铁砚山房外景

An exterior view of Deng Shiru's former residence

If you drive to Bailin Village in Wuheng Township that is about 25kilometers away from the outskirts of Anqing City, you will see in a littlebit more than half an hour the Dengs House, which is called TieyanShanfang, the former residence of Deng Shiru, who was a mastercalligrapher in the Qing Dynasty.

Tieyan Shanfang, literally known as "IronInkstone Mountain House", is of antiquebeauty with a long history. From this houseof the Deng family came quite a few famedpeople, especially Deng Shiru and DengJiaxian, whom people know best. Therefore,some times this house is referred to as theFormer Residence of Two Dengs.

That is a place surrounded by mountains and waters–the rolling mountains are impressive and green in all seasons and the limpid waters amazing and fascinating with nice ripples. Deng Shiru had a seal engraved with "Home in an auspicious place" (literally home in a place between the mountain of dragon and the river of phoenix), which shows his deep love for his hometown.

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邓石如，又号“完白山人”， 清代书法家、篆刻家，邓派的创始人。他是布衣出身，但骨子里却有家国情怀。他一生廉洁，不愿随波逐流，在艺术上，他兼收并蓄，自成一家，为后人所景仰。

邓石如画像

A portrait of Deng Shiru

Deng Shiru, a famous calligrapher and seal carver in theQing Dynasty and the founder of the Deng School, wasacclaimed as "the first calligrapher commanding four styles"at his time; Deng Jiaxian, the 6th generation grandson ofDeng Shiru and one of the founders of China's theoreticalresearch on nuclear weapons, is honored as a hero in thedevelopment of A-bomb and H-bomb.

一生布衣不入仕途、为了纯粹艺术而孜孜追求的邓石如，在清朝乾隆五十九年（公元1794年)，已年届五十一岁的他，萌生了回乡安居之意，由湖北武昌返回家乡，建起了隐居终老的住宅，并为其取名为“铁砚山房”。取此名的用意有二：一是勉励自己有磨铁成砚般的坚韧意志，二是感谢两湖总督、好友毕沅赠送铁砚的厚谊。此后，邓石如在这里读书、写字、篆刻和教育后人，累了便行走在龙山凤水之间，好不惬意。安庆菱湖公园内有邓石如碑馆，园林式建筑，古色古香。这里展有邓石如的碑刻，能够较为全面了解邓石如的书法艺术。

铁砚山房内景

An interior view of Tieyan Shanfang

Deng Shiru declined official career and pursued for pure art all hislife. In the 59th year under the reign of Emperor Qianlong in theQing Dynasty (1794 AD), he had a house built for his later years inseclusion. The house he named Tieyan Shanfang was the place heread, wrote, carved and taught his offspring. When he was tired, hewould take a walk nearby in the natural surroundings.

邓石如碑馆

Deng Shiru Stele Museum

邓石如碑馆内碑廊

The stele corridor in Deng Shiru Stele Museum

铁砚山房里，展现了邓石如一家的成就。其子邓传密，也是一位书法家、学者。清代著名书法家何绍基诗赞邓传密的书法“上客有邓子，法绍斯冰严”，说他的篆字与秦代的李斯、唐代的李冰阳一脉相承。邓石如的重孙邓绳侯是一位文学艺术家，曾任安徽都督府教育司司长。他的五世孙邓以蛰，也就是邓稼先的父亲，是现代美学家、美术史家、教育家。

山房内第三进“燕誉居”

Yanyuju, the third row of Deng Shiru's formerresidence

The residence is now used to display the achievements of his family. Deng Chuanmi, his son, was also a calligrapher and scholar, Deng Shenghou, his great-grandson, was a literary artist who once served as director-general of the education department of Anhui governor's office; Deng Yizhe, his fifth-generation grandson and also Deng Jiaxian's father, was a modern aesthetician, art historian and educationist.

邓稼先，邓石如的六世孙，中国核武器理论研究奠基人之一，被誉为“两弹元勋”，为中国原子弹、氢弹原理的突破和试验成功做出了卓越贡献。铁砚山房后面一进，是邓稼先的展厅。邓稼先研究手稿、杨振宁书信等许多珍贵的资料，展现了邓稼先成长历程和为了祖国国防科技建设事业，在异常艰苦的条件下奉献到生命最后一息的情怀。

忠诚纯正、胸有方心、松风水月，这是邓氏家族一直传承的家族精神，从邓石如到邓稼先，在他们的骨子里，一直以这种精神为品格，自觉地磨砺着自己，最终成就了自己的灿烂人生，更为国家做出了杰出贡献。

铁砚山房让我们明白，一个人的成长，离不开家庭的环境熏陶，家风家训是深入人心的无形力量，它影响着个人、 家庭和家族的延续与发展。

邓稼先像

A photo of Deng Jiaxian

The back row of the rooms in the residence is an exhibition hall dedicated to Deng Jiaxianwhere his research manuscripts, letters from Dr. Chen-Ning Yang and many other preciousmaterials are displayed, showcasing Deng Jiaxian's childhood and life, as well as his lifelong contributions to the national defense science and technology construction he madeunder harsh difficult conditions.

"Be loyal and honest with the mission in heart" is the spirit of theDeng family that has been inherited for so many generations. Theexhibits in Tieyan Shanfang make us better understand that familytraditions and instructions are invisible forces deeply rooted in thehearts of people and influence the continuation and development ofindividuals, families and clans.

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文字：杨勤华

图片：汪映成 许萍 陈智

音频：范梦琪

编辑：张倩莹 周宇鑫（实习生）

校对：刘军

审核：刘冬梅 孙婷

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