单词词根记忆技巧（玩转英语词汇-词汇积累之词根graph）

拇指英语说，分享英语学习心得，技巧和方法。让英语学习变得更有趣，更简单。

在英语学习中，词汇量的大小是衡量英语水平的重要标志。通常词汇量越大，运用英语的能力就越强，反之亦然。许多英语偏弱的学生将词汇的学习与记忆比作“拦路虎”，以至谈虎色变，毫无信心。因此，有意识地学习词汇策略将可以帮助学生更科学，高效，简单地积累大量词汇，从而达到事半功倍的效果。本词汇积累策略系列，将会从近义词(synonyms)，反义词(antonyms)，前缀(prefixes)，后缀(suffixes)，同音异义词(homophones)等角度来探讨词汇的学习和积累。本系列，适合小学中高年级及初中学生学习。

The Root Word plic: 词根 graph/ graphy

词根graph，这个词根来自希腊语，本意就是“刻”，在某个东西的表面上留下刻痕。古人没有笔，都是通过刻的方式来记录信息，所以这个词根又引申为写，画。它既是个动词词根，又是个名词词根，表示文字、图画，写下的东西。

比如单词autograph，前面的auto表示“自己，亲自”，后面的graph表示写。合起来就是亲自去写，特指亲自去写自己的名字也就是亲笔签名。

词根graphy也可以表示写，或者表示对某一主题的研究。以上这二个词根都可以和不少的前缀及后缀组合成新的单词。

下面我们首先来看看下面方框中的词干。请大家在这些词干后加上词根graph 或者graphy来构成新的单词。然后将这些单词和下面的英语解释配对。

1. the life momoirs of a person, written by that person _________
2. a short section of a text, made up of two or more sentences, that deals with the same idea throughout ___________
3. a written account, such as a book or scholarly pamphlet, on a particular and usually limited subject __________
4. the study of the characteristics of human populations, for example: size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics _________
5. the art and science of making maps or navigational charts _________
6. an image of an object, person, or landscape recorded digitally or on special film or paper ____________
7. an instrument for automatically detecting and recording the duration, intensity, and direction of an earthquake _________
8. a list of writings related to a given subject, or referenced within a particular written work _________
9. the art of creating and arranging dance sequences ____________

10 a written account of a person's life ____________

Keys:

1. autobiography 自传
2. paragraph 段落
3. monograph 专题著作，专题论文
4. demography 人口统计学
5. cartography 地图制作
6. photograph 照片
7. seismograph 地震仪
8. bibliography （某一专题或作家的）参考书目
9. choreography 编舞艺术

10biography 传记，个人简介

Note: 注意点

词干 para 和 mono 后只能加 词根 graph。

词干 photo, seismo 和 choreo 后即可以加词根graph, 也可以加 graphy。

词干 biblio, bio, carto, autobio 和 demo 后只能加词根graphy。

接下来，请大家用以上所学到的单词来完成下面的句子。注意填入单词的形式。

1. The standard academic essay in English is made up of at least five _______.
2. Many pop stars work with _________, who create original dances and develop new dance moves for them.
3. It's important to include a(n) _________, citing all referenced works, as part of your research project.
4. In order to write someone's ________, you have to conduct an extensive amount of research on them.
5. As Della was a well-known chef, her ________ contained numerous recipes along with her memoirs.
6. Jun believes that living in Tokyo and experiencing numerous earthquakes as a young child inspired him to become a(n) ___________.
7. Though Annelise originally studied color ____________, she recently learned more about using black and white film and now works primarily in that medium.
8. Sebastian has been unable to find much published material on his chosen field of study except for an old ____________ in the reference library.
9. Anybody who studies _________ trends will know that the continual dramatic increase in global population is creating a huge strain on the environment.

10. Hyun Suk hopes that by getting a bachelor's degree in geography, he will eventually be able to enter the field of ___________.

Keys:

1. paragraphs; 2. choreographers; 3. bibliography; 4. biography; 5. autobiography; 6. seismographer; 7. photography; 8. monograph; 9. demographic; 10. cartography

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