射频功率放大器件（射频术语-放大器）

以下为放大器相关的射频术语，供参考：

1.Amplifier

A device whose purpose is to take an input signal and increase its amplitude by a certain amount.

放大器

一种以一定程度增大输入信号幅度为目的的器件。

2.Amplifier, Active Directivity of

Measurement of the potential effect of output impedance based on an amplifier's source match, or the effect on input impedance based on an amplifier's load match. Larger active directivity is better.

放大器的有源方向性

放大器的源匹配对输出阻抗的潜在影响大小，或放大器的负载匹配对输入阻抗的潜在影响大小。主动方向性越大越好。

3.Amplifier, Balanced

A device that has two amplifiers run at 90 degrees difference in phase transmission. At the input, two signals are set 90 degrees apart, and at the output the difference is removed so that they are at the same phase.

平衡放大器

平衡放大器具有两个以90度相位传输差运行的放大器。平衡放大器的输入端将两个信号设置为相差90度，而其输出端将此相位差异消除，从而使得该两信号获得相同相位。

4.Amplifier, Classes of

Types of Amplifiers, classified based on the bias point (quiescent point "Q"). In class A, the bias point divides the distance between the saturated current and pinch-off current in two. Examples include gain-block and linear amplifiers. Class B amplifiers only conduct half of a signal's cycle. Class AB amplifiers' bias point lie somewhere between class A and B, which provides a good balance between gain, efficiency, and power. In class C, a tuning circuit filters the signal for a single frequency, and behaves like a class B. Classes D, E, and F are switching amplifiers.

放大器分类

放大器根据其偏置点（静态点Q）分类。在A类放大器中，偏置点将饱和电流和夹止电流一分为二，例如增益模块放大器和线性放大器；B类放大器仅在半个信号周期内导通；AB类放大器的偏置点位于A类和B类放大器之间，从而可在增益，效率和功率之间实现良好平衡；C类放大器具有针对单个频率进行信号滤波的调谐电路，其作用类似于B类放大器；D、E和F类放大器为开关放大器。

5.Amplifier, Conditionally Stable

An undesirable condition where the amplifier will oscillate under a specific load or source impedance.

放大器条件稳定性

放大器在特定负载阻抗或源阻抗下发生振荡的不良状况。

6.Amplifier, Directivity of

A parameter used represent the amount that the input impedance is influenced by the load impedance and also how much the output impedance is affected by the source impedance.

放大器方向性

表示输入阻抗受负载阻抗的影响程度及输出阻抗受源阻抗影响程度的参数。

7.Amplifier, Distributed (Traveling Wave Amplifiers)

Distributed Amplifiers are used as amplification solutions for up to 100 GHz, and down to DC applications. These amplifiers use the capacitive qualities of FETs as well as high-impedance lines to mimic a standard 50 Ohm line for impedance-matching.

分布式放大器（行波放大器）

分布式放大器用于直流~100GHz频率范围内的信号放大。此类放大器利用FET的电容性能以及高阻抗线路获得与标准50欧姆线路类似的阻抗匹配性能。

8.Amplifier, Doherty

A type of amplifier that is often used in communications (radios), and performs more efficiently than balanced amplifiers.

多尔蒂（Doherty）放大器

一种通信（无线）中常用的放大器，比平衡放大器更加高效。

9.Amplifier, Dynamic Range of

The range of power wherein the amplifier operates linearly.

放大器动态范围

放大器线性工作的功率范围。

10.Amplifier, Feedback of

Two types of feedback exists, series and parallel. They can be used to change the characteristics of an amplifier such as its gain vs. frequency, its K-factor, and its input matching characteristics.

放大器反馈

存在串联和并联两种反馈。放大器反馈可用于改变放大器特性，例如其增益频率特性，K系数及输入匹配特性。

11.Amplifier, Feed-forward

Feed-forward Amplifiers are used in applications where low distortion is key, such as in base station equipment.

前馈放大器

前馈放大器用于基站设备等将低失真度视为关键性能的应用中。

12.Amplifier, Gain Block

Gain block amplifiers are simple and convenient and are used for general purpose applications. They offer a wide bandwidth, but usually at the cost of efficiency and noise.

增益模块放大器

增益模块放大器具有简单便捷的优点，而且用于通常应用中。增益模块放大器的带宽较宽，但同时其效率和噪声性能通常欠佳。

13.Amplifier, Gain Flatness of

Gain Flatness refers to the variation in gain over the bandwidth, and is represented as a value ±dB. To calculate this value, subtract the highest gain in the band from the lowest and divide by two.

放大器增益平坦度

增益平坦度是指带宽范围内的增益变化幅度，其值以±dB表示。增益平坦度的计算方法为将带宽内的最大增益与最小增益之差除以2。

14.Amplifier, Gain of

A ratio of the output of an amplifier over its input. The equation for gain is in decibels and is define as follows: G = 10 log10 (Out/In).

放大器，增益

放大器的输出与其输入之比。增益单位为dB，计算公式如下：G=10log10（输出/输入）。

15.Amplifier, Harmonic Distortion of

Harmonic distortion presents itself in the form of output frequencies at integer multiples of the input frequency. It is generally caused by non-linearity in the amplifier, and is described in terms of the relative level to input power.

放大器谐波失真

放大器谐波失真以输出频率为输入频率的多少个整数倍数的形式表示。谐波失真通常由放大器的非线性引起，而且描述为相对于输入功率的相对水平。

16.Amplifier, Isolation of

The ratio of applied output power to measured input power.

放大器隔离度

所施加输出功率与实测输入功率之比。

17.Amplifier, Linearity of

Refers to how well the output of an amplifier can be described by a linear function of the amplifiers input. In other words, the output is scaled by a constant factor of the input without much distortion.

放大器线性度

放大器线性度是指放大器输出能以何种程度表示为放大器输入的线性函数。换句话说，输出表示为输入乘以不导致较大失真的恒定系数。

18.Amplifier, Log

An amplifier in which the output voltage is scaled by the log of the input.

对数放大器

输出电压与输入的对数成比例的放大器。

19.Amplifier, Low Noise (LNA)

An amplifier that is used to take weak signals and amplify them so that they can be more easily used. The effect of noise is reduced by the gain of the LNA, while the noise of the LNA itself is injected directly into the received signal.

低噪声（LNA）放大器

将弱信号放大以使其易于被使用的放大器。LNA放大器可凭借其增益降低噪声影响，而放大器本身的噪声被直接注入接收信号内。

20.Amplifier, Maximum Signal Level of

A threshold for which the greatest CW or pulse RF signal can be used without permanent noise figure degradation, amplified distortion, amplification reduction, and/or overheating of the amplifier.

放大器最大信号电平

在不导致放大器固有噪声系数下降，失真度增大，放大效应减弱和/或过热的情况下，可允许使用的最大连续波或脉冲射频信号阈值。

21.Amplifier, Noise Factor of

Noise Factor is the ratio of the relative amount of noise at the input signal compared to the relative amount of noise at the output signal

放大器噪声系数

噪声系数为输入信号的相对噪声值与输出信号的相对噪声值之比。

22.Amplifier, Nonlinearity of

Amplifiers can only magnify a signal so much. At small input signals, the gain in the signal appears to be linear, however at large input signals, the output will reach a maximum value and may no longer be the same gain as with the small signal, hence non-linear.

放大器非线性度

放大器的信号放大能力有限。对于小的输入信号，放大器的信号增益为线性增益。而对于大的输入信号，放大器的输出将达到其最大值，而且不再具有小输入信号与其增益之间的线性关系，此即非线性度。

23.Amplifier, Power

Takes a small signal and increases it to make a large signal. Power is generally considered between 0.5 Watts up to 4 Watts. High Power amplifiers are designed for power above 4 Watts.

功率放大器

一种将输入的小信号放大为大信号的放大器。普通功率放大器的功率为0.5~4瓦，高功率放大器的设计功率为>4瓦。

24.Amplifier, Pulsed

For an amplifier to be pulsed, it is electrically switched off when the signal is not being amplified. The majority of CW amplifiers are able to be used as pulsed amplifiers but not the other way around. The pulsing of an amplifier results in cooler operating temperatures by the reduction of DC power dissipation. In this way, pulse amplifiers can be run at higher power. Due to this design, continuously powered amp will cause damage from heat. Therefore, the magnitude of duty cycle will directly affect the temperature of the amp. These devices need special power supplies to provide DC bias point during its duty cycle. One feature of these power supplies often require large storage capacitors. The amp bandwidth should be taken into consideration for very short pulses.

脉冲放大器

脉冲放大器在不用于信号放大时处于关断状态。大多数连续波放大器可用作脉冲放大器，反之则不然。脉冲放大器可通过降低直流功率耗散而获得较低的工作温度，因此其可用于高功率应用。由于这种设计，持续供电时产生的热量可导致此类放大器被损坏。因此，此类放大器的占空比大小将直接影响其温度。脉冲放大器需要特殊电源才能在占空比期间实现直流偏置点，此类电源一个特征在于通常需要较大的存储电容器。此外，在极短脉冲应用中，还需要对放大器带宽进行考量。

25.Amplifier, Push-Pull

A device that uses two amplifiers which have 180 degrees difference in phase.

推挽式放大器

一种使用两个相位相差180度的放大器的器件。

26.Amplifier, Return Loss (RL)

Return loss (RL) describes reflected-to-incident power ratio at an RF port of an amplifier. Expressed as RL = -20 log |?|, ? = voltage reflection coefficient and RL is in units of dB.

放大器，回波损耗（RL）

回波损耗（RL）是指放大器射频端口处的反射/入射功率比。其表示为RL=-20log|?|(其中?=电压反射系数)，单位为dB。

27.Amplifier, Reverse Gain of

The ratio of input over output when power is applied at the output amplifier, and the input power is measured.

放大器反向增益

在输出放大器上施加功率时，输入功率测量中的输入与输出之比。

28.Amplifier, Tube

Amplifiers that uses vacuum tubes to amplify a signal.

真空管放大器

使用真空管放大信号的放大器。

29.Amplifier, Wideband

Amplifiers that are capable of amplifying signals in a wide range of frequencies.

宽带放大器

可在较大频率范围内放大信号的放大器。

30.Fiber Amplifier

Amplifies an optical signal which passes through it.

光纤放大器

将通过其的光信号放大。

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