红楼梦的翻译方法（红楼梦诗词翻译）

《红楼梦》十二钗，你最喜欢谁？最不喜欢谁？

林语堂说：最喜欢探春，最不喜欢妙玉。

看的次数越多，我越不敢回答这个问题，每个人物都不是非黑即白，很难单纯用喜欢或不喜欢来概括。

木心说：《红楼梦》中的诗，如水草。取出水，即不好。放在水中，好看。今天斗胆跟大家分享下我最喜欢的几首诗。

「作者题绝」

霍克斯 译

满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪！

Pages full of idle words

Penned with hot and bitter tears:

都云作者痴，谁解其中味？

All men call the author fool;

None his secret message hears.

「好了歌」

All Good Things Must End

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

世人都晓神仙好，惟有功名忘不了。

All men long to be immortals,

Yet to riches and rank each aspires.

古今将相在何方，荒冢一堆草没了。

The great ones of old, where are they now?

Their graves are a mass of briars.

世人都晓神仙好，只有金银忘不了。

All men long to be immortals,

Yet silver and gold they prize.

终朝只恨聚无多，及到多时眼闭了。

And grub for money all their lives,

Till death seals up their eyes.

世人都晓神仙好，只有娇妻忘不了。

All men long to be immortals,

Yet dote on the wives they’ve wed.

君生日日说恩情，君死又随人去了。

Who swear to love their husband evermore,

But remarry as soon as he’s dead.

世人都晓神仙好，只有儿孙忘不了。

All men long to be immortals,

Yet with getting sons won’t have done.

痴心父母古来多，孝顺儿孙谁见了。

Although fond parents are legion,

Who ever saw a really filial son?

曹雪芹所著《红楼梦》，作者借小说人物跛足道人作的一首七言古诗。借此诗来表达人们建功立业、发财致富、贪恋妻妾、顾念儿孙、被情欲蒙蔽且执迷不悟。喜了又悲，富了转贫，半生喜乐，半世苍凉，忙忙碌碌一辈子，到头来两手空空。

briar

a wild bush with thorns , especially a wild rose bush

多刺野灌木；(尤指)野蔷薇丛

legion

adj. 很多，极多 formal, not before noun

近义词

numerous

例句

The medical uses of herbs are legion.

草本植物的医药效用数不胜数。

grub for sth 翻找，搜寻，挖掘寻找

释义

to look for sth, especially by digging or by looking through or under other things

例句

birds grubbing for worms

刨虫子的鸟

dote on sb 溺爱，宠爱，过分喜爱

释义

to feel and show great love for sb, ignoring their faults

例句

He dotes on his children.

他溺爱他的孩子。

「好了歌注」

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

陋室空堂，当年笏满床；

衰草枯杨，曾为歌舞场。

Mean huts and empty halls

Where emblems of nobility once hung;

Dead weeds and withered trees,

Where men have once danced and sung.

蛛丝儿结满雕梁，绿纱今又糊在蓬窗上。

说什么脂正浓，粉正香，如何两鬓又成霜？

Carved beams are swathed in cobwebs

But briar-choked casements screened again with gauze;

While yet the rouge is fresh, the powder fragrant,

The hair at the temples turns hoary for what cause?

昨日黄土陇头送白骨，今宵红灯帐底卧鸳鸯。

金满箱，银满箱，转眼乞丐人皆谤。

Yesterday, yellow clay received white bones;

Today, red lanterns light the love-birds’nest;

While men with gold and silver by the chest

Turn beggars, scorned by all the dispossessed.

正叹他人命不长，那知自己归来丧！

训有方，保不定日后作强梁。

A life cut short one moment makes one sight,

Who would have known it’s her turn next to die?

No matter with what pains he schools his sons.

Who knows if they will turn to brigandry?

择膏粱，谁承望流落在烟花巷！

A pampered girl brought up in luxury

May slip into a quarter of ill fame;

因嫌纱帽小，致使锁枷杠，昨怜破袄寒，今嫌紫蟒长

Resentment at a low official rank

May lead to fetters and a felon’s shame.

In ragged coat one shivered yesterday,

Today a purple robe he frowns upon;

乱烘烘你方唱罢我登场，反认他乡是故乡。

甚荒唐，到头来都是为他人作嫁衣裳！

All’s strife and tumult on the stage,

As one man ends his song the next comes on.

To take strange parts as home

Is folly past compare;

And all our labour in the end

Is making clothes for someone else to wear.

be swathed in sth.

被.....包裹/覆盖（通常用于被动语态）

例句

He was lying on the hospital bed, swathed in bandages.

他裹着绷带，躺在医院的病牀上。

gauze

Un.薄纱，纱罗(通常由棉或丝织成)

释义

a type of light transparent cloth, usually made of cotton or silk

pamper

v.细心照顾，精心护理，娇惯，纵容

释义

to take care of sb very well and make them feel as comfortable as possible

例句

a spoilt and pampered child

一个娇生惯养的孩子

「枉凝眉」

Vain Longing

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

一个是阆苑仙葩，一个是美玉无瑕。

One is an immortal flower of fairyland,

The other fair flawless jade.

若说没奇缘，今生偏又遇着他；

And were it not predestined,

Why should they meet again in this existence?

若说有奇缘，如何心事终虚化？

Yet, if predestined,

Why does their love come to nothing?

一个枉自嗟呀，一个空劳牵挂。

One sighs to no purpose,

The other yearns in vain.

一个是水中月，一个是镜中花。

One is the moon reflected in the water,

The other but a flower in the mirror.

想眼中能有多少泪珠儿，

How many tears can well from her eyes?

怎经得秋流到冬尽，春流到夏！

Can they flow on from autumn till winter,

From spring till summer?

林黛玉泪尽而逝，宝玉遁入空门。

追悔、痛苦、叹息、遗憾，全都无用。

惜取眼前人，莫道空悲切。

「聪明累」

Caught By Her Own Cunning

霍克斯 译

机关算尽太聪明，反算了卿卿性命。

Too shrewd by half, with such finesse you wrought,

That your own life in your own toils was caught.

生前心已碎，死后性空灵。

But long before you died your heart was slain,

And when you died your spirit walked in vain.

家富人宁，终有个家亡人散各奔腾。

Fall'n the great house once so secure in wealth,

Each scattered member shifting for himself.

枉费了，意悬悬半世心；

好一似，荡悠悠三更梦。

And half a life-time’s anxious schemes,

Proved no more than the stuff of dreams.

忽喇喇似大厦倾，昏惨惨似灯将尽。

Like a great building’s tottering crash,

Like flickering lamp wick burned to ash.

呀！一场欢喜忽悲辛。

叹人世，终难定。

Your scene of happiness concludes in grief;

For worldly bliss is always insecure and brief.

黄庭坚有诗云：多少长安名利客，机关用尽不如君。多少人，就像王熙凤那样，生前翻手为云，覆手为雨。然而天道轮回，苍天饶过谁？

「终身误」

A Life misspent

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

都道是金玉良缘，俺只念木石前盟。

Well-matched, all say, the gold and the jade;

I alone recall the pledge between plant and stone.

空对着，山中高士晶莹雪；

终不忘，世外仙姝寂寞林。

Vainly facing the hermit in sparkling snow-clad hills,

I forget not the fairy in lone woods beyond the world.

叹人间，美中不足今方信。

纵然是齐眉举案，到底意难平。

I sigh, learning that no man’s happiness is complete:

Even a pair thought well-matched

May find disappointment.

misspend

挥霍，浪费，滥用(时间或金钱)

释义

to spend time or money in a careless rather than a useful way

近义词

waste

例句

He joked that being good at cards was the sign of a misspent youth (= having wasted his time when he was young).

他开玩笑地说擅长打牌表明他虚度了青春年华。

「飞鸟各投林」

The Birds Into The Wood Have Flown

霍克斯 译

为官的，家业凋零；富贵的，金银散尽；

The office jack’s career is blighted,

The rich man’s fortune now all vanished,

有恩的，死里逃生；无情的，分明报应；

The kind with life have been requited,

The cruel exemplarily punished;

欠命的，命已还；欠泪的，泪已尽。

The one who owed a life is dead,

The tears one owed have all been shed.

冤冤相报实非轻，分离聚合皆前定。

Wrongs suffered have the wrongs done expiated;

The couplings and the sundering were fated.

欲知命短问前生，老来富贵也真侥幸。

Untimely death sin in some past life shows,

But only luck a blest old age bestows.

看破的，遁入空门；痴迷的，枉送了性命。

The disillusioned to their convents fly,

The still deluded miserably die.

好一似食尽鸟投林，落了片白茫茫大地真干净！

Like birds who, having fed, to the woods repair,

They leave the landscape desolate and bare.

expiate

v.为(所犯罪过)接受惩罚，赎(罪)

释义

to accept punishment for sth that you have done wrong in order to show that you are sorry

例句

He had a chance to confess and expiate his guilt.

他有认错和赎罪的机会。

曲终人散，家败人亡，各奔东西，正所谓树倒猢狲散，飞鸟各投林。有时人们追求一生所得到的不过是些虚无缥缈的东西。就像这辉煌一时的贾府，眼看他高楼起，眼看他楼塌了。富贵荣华，不过是过眼云烟，人赤条条来去无牵挂。

本文转自翻译大王

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