出师表文言文全文翻译（文言文译文英文对照版出师表上篇）

文：臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

译：先帝开创的大业未完成一半却中途去世了。现在天下分为三国，益州地区民力匮乏，这确实是国家危急存亡的时期啊。不过宫廷里侍从护卫的官员不懈怠，战场上忠诚有志的将士们奋不顾身，大概是他们追念先帝对他们的特别的知遇之恩（作战的原因），想要报答在陛下您身上。（陛下）你实在应该扩大圣明的听闻，来发扬光大先帝遗留下来的美德，振奋有远大志向的人的志气，不应当随便看轻自己，说不恰当的话，以致于堵塞人们忠心地进行规劝的言路。

文：宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。

译：皇宫中和朝廷里的大臣，本都是一个整体，奖惩功过，好坏，不应该有所不同。如果有做奸邪事情，犯科条法令和忠心做善事的人，应当交给主管的官，判定他们受罚或者受赏，来显示陛下公正严明的治理，而不应当有偏袒和私心，使宫内和朝廷奖罚方法不同。

英：The royal court and the ministerial administration constitute a single government. Both must be judged by one standard. Thsoe who do evil and violate the codes, as well as those who are loyal and good, must receive their due from the proper authorities.This will make manifest Your Majesty's fair and enlightened governance. Let no unseemly bias lead to different rules forthe court and the administration.

中：侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。

译：侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等人，这些都是善良诚实的人，他们的志向和心思忠诚无二，因此先帝把他们选拔出来辅佐陛下。我认为（所有的）宫中的事情，无论事情大小，都拿来跟他们商量，这样以后再去实施，一定能够弥补缺点和疏漏之处，可以获得很多的好处。

英：Privy counselors and imperial attendants like Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun are all solid, reliable men, loyal of purpose, pure in motive. The late Emperor selected them for office so that they would serve Your Majesty after his demise. In my own humble opinion, consulting these men on palace affairs great or small before action is taken will prevent errors and shortcomings and maximize advantages. Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct, profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall command. In my humble opinion, General Xiang Chong should be consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.