考研英语学霸笔记（考研英语懒人复习笔记）

上篇文章通过分析考研新题形的题形一样题，我们了解到做这类题的一些套路，但这些套路是要以一定的单词、词组和一些固定搭配句型的理解上才能实现，因此我们每分析完一道题目就要着重把里面的知识点清晰的整理出来。要知道，考研英语的学习就是要看了忘，忘了再看，不断重复，因此我们把整理好的这些材料，在考研的各阶段都可以随手拿来随时复习，才能提高学习效率。好，那么现在我们从文章中的每一段拎出知识点来吧。

41题 Long before Man lived on the Earth,there were fishes,reptiles,birds,insect,and some mammals.Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today,others are now extinct,that is ,they have no descendants alive now.

1、long before 很久之前

解析：直接确定了本文的时间点。

2、reptile 爬行动物/卑鄙的

解析：随然不是本文的关键词但对它的理解可以更好的理顺文章。

拓展词：reptilian爬行的rept报告 例：A reptilian creature is a reptile.

3、Although 虽然

解析：这个句式要注意“虽然...但是”，文章的重点都是“但是...”后面的内容，该句的重点内容即：others are now extinct。

拓展词：though虽然 (相比although多用于非正式文体中)

4、Ancestor/ descendant 祖先/后代

解析：这两个单词也可以成为一种时间的表述，放一起更好记忆哦。

5、that is 即是/换个说法

解析：固定用法。该句后面内容才是作者重点要强调的。拓展：同义的说法：that is to say/in other words/namely/or/put another way。

6、extinct 已灭绝的

解析：也是本段一个重要的单词。反义词 active。

42 题 Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals ,birds ,and insects of which we know nothing.

7、fossil 化石

解析：本文关键词之一，拓展意思：僵化的事物或指人或形容其行为。

8、That we know 我们知道的

解析：主语是the fossils，that 引导的一个从句，修饰前面的化石。要注意考研英语最爱加从句，要能分辨出来。

9、preserve 保存、保护

解析：Were preserved in…被保存在…， 是被动语态也是过去时。

10、form 形式、方式

解析：在本文formed 作为动词意思为：构成、组成。且是过去时。

43题 There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs ,one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes ,often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.

11、Also 也

解析：解题关键词。预示着上下文是一种并列或平行结构。

相似的词有：and, or，meanwhile， moreover, furthermore, on the other hand, in another case, equally

12、Covered with 覆盖

解析： 认识这个词组可以省下不少阅读时间，可以大致推断是在讲某生物的结构。

13、two pairs of 两双、两对

解析： 量词的出现可以成为很好的解题或理解主旨的依据。

14、inch 英寸

解析： Inch/feet英寸/英尺

44 题 Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important .They have a shell composed of many chambers ,each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.

15、of these 在这些里面、其中

解析： 解题关键词，说明上下文是“总－分”结构的。相同的词有：among these 、between。

16、composed of 由…组成

解析：高频词组，可以使我们快速略读文章的好词啊。

17、grew 成长、增加

解析：grow的过去式本文连用两个grew，要能马上反映出来怎么翻译“As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber随着幼崽长大，它长出了一个新的房间”。

18、sealed off 封闭的

解析：sealed的原形是Seal封上、封盖。顺带记个常用动词。

45 About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals ,though now extinct ,were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.

19、million 百万

解析：解题关键词，提供了一个时间线索。类似的词有： thousand千、billion十亿、hundred百。

20、died out 死了

和上文的extinct灭绝了，形成呼应。

such as 比如

有遇到such as也可以判断上下句关系是并列的，是同等内容，就可以省下阅读时间。类似的词有：for example, like、as这些都可以用来举例哦。

二、再看选项内容

A． The shell fish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

21、shell 壳

解析：本文指贝类，the shell指贝壳拓展：shelling/shelled有去掉壳的意思。

B． Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils .From them we can tell their size and shape ,how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

22、nevertheless 然而，不过

解析：表示转折，也是解题关键啊，相似的有：nonetheless/however

23、a great deal 很大，大量

解析：注意它是在表数量或程度，相似的有：a good deal, a great many/ a great number of

24、size and shape 大小和形状

解析：结构性描述。

25、Them 它们

解析：本段连继续出现了几个代词：their, they考试时要敏感的找出代词所指代的对象。相关的代词有

人称代词：he/him/his/himself/she/her/themselves/it/its/itself

指示代词：This/that/these/those/such/

C． The first animals with true backbones were the fishes,First known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 3oo million years ago the amphibians,the animals able to live both on land and in water,appeared. They were giant,sometimes 8 feet long,and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam,or layer,formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land ,in the sea, and in the air.

26、backbone 脊梁骨

解析：结构性词汇，拓展意思可为：支柱、决心、骨气等。

27、both 不仅..而且

解析：加速阅读的好词，记住哦。

28、giant 巨大、特大

解析：在形容某物体，同类词有：huge/ enormous/ great

29、gave rise to 引起、产生

解析：是give的过去式。 在本文中可译为两栖动物产生了爬行动物。

30、nearly 150 million years 近一亿五千万年来

D． The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.

31、index 指标、索引

解析：说明是比较突出的、强调的事物。

32、tend to 倾向于; 有助于

解析：指事物中占比较大的一边，也是突出和强调作用。

33、marine 海洋

marine同类词有：sea/ocean

34、creatures 生物

同类词有：Organism有机体。

E． The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies ,relations of the star-fishes ,which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

35、earliest 最早; 在初期

Early的最高级。

36、remains 剩余物，遗迹 本文指动物遗骸。

37、Later forms 后期形式

谁的后期形式呢？要注意主语！

38、among 在...之间 快速阅读的好词。

39、stalk 柄，梗，茎

名词是表示植物结构，动词有跟踪接近之意。

40、attached 把…固定

attach的过去分词和过去式 拓展词touch：触摸

F． When an animal dies, the body, its bones ,or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud, If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

41、carried away 带走，运走

还可以形容人陶醉、忘乎所以。

42、stream 小河，溪，流

记住该词的感觉，可以拓展为人流、车流。

43、get covered up 覆盖起来

主要还是Cover盖住，但读时要整个词组一起理解。

44、sink 下沉，倒下

可拓展为：形容处在条件差的环境或情况。

45、fall upon it 落在上面

Upon是强调数目，本文指泥土落在上面的数量。

46、mud 泥，淤泥

47、embedded 嵌入的

Embed的过去式和过去分词。

这就是英语新题型一的样题中所包含的重要知识点。从这些知识点中我们也可以归纳出三个类型的知识记忆点：

1、解题关键词的认识理解；（只有认识它才能解得了题的内容）

2、略读文章大意的词或词组；（可以通过它快速了解文章大意的内容）

3、辅助阅读的词或词组；（可以帮助我们排除疑虑的内容）

通过这三种类型也可以把知识记忆点的重要级别分为三大类，同学们可以根据自己的情况进行选择复习。大家不用刻意去背只需定时拿出来刷下留个印象，每次在做题时有遇到了会让你自然的回忆起来，哪怕只是个模糊的印象都算是起到作用了。如果文章中还有大家认为是重要的知识点要多多留言呀，或者觉得有更好的分类复习的方法也可以加微一起讨论，这样大家练习起来印象会超深刻的，要不你试试。

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