动词ing短语（动词词组）

“动词（词组） time ”短语在考试中的出现频率较高。本文现将这类短语作一归纳，以供广大考生备考使用。

1. have a good time 过得愉快

have a (hard/ difficult) time (in) doing sth. 干…… 有困难

这两个短语后面常接动名词。例如：

(1) We had a good time observing the Spring Festival. 这个春节我们过得很愉快。

(2) Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam.

他卧病在床接近一月，很难通过这次考试。

句型have a hard time 后接动名词，表示“做某事有困难”。其中hard可换为difficult，或两者皆可省略，即，have a time doing sth.。此外表达该意思时还可以用下列句型：have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.。

2. take time 花费时间；需要很长时间

take one’s time 不用急；慢慢来

(1) Recovering from the financial crisis isn’t easy; it takes time.

从金融危机中恢复过来不容易；这需要很长时间。

(2) — I am afraid I can’t return the book to you before Friday.

— Take your time.

“这本书我恐怕星期五之前还不上了。”“不用急，慢慢看吧！”

此外，take one’s time 也有“磨洋工；拖拉”的意思。例如：

The workers are certainly taking their time with our home improvement.

这些工人在给我们装修房子时肯定在磨洋工。

辨析：take it easy ＆ take one’s time

take it easy (= used to tell sb. not to be worried or angry)，在口语中主要表示在心理上“别急；沉住气；别烦恼”。而take one’s time (= to use as much time as you need without hurrying)主要强调在时间上“不着急”。

【练一练】

— What a mess! The guest will be here soon.

— ______________. I assure you the house will be spotless in a minute.

A. Take your time B. Take it easy C. Never mind D. Not at all

答案：B

解析：本题考查交际用语。句意为：“真乱啊！客人马上就到了。”“别急，我向你保证我一会儿就能把这房子拾掇地一尘不染。”根据句意，此处是在劝说对方别生气或别担心。因此，C项符合题意。

3. kill time （等待时）消磨时间，打发时光

pass (the) time 消磨时间

这一组短语意思相近，有时可互换。例如：

If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active.

如果阅读带有目的性，而不是消磨时间，那它一定是积极的，活跃的。

注：pass the time 可以构成复合名词pastime（消遣；休闲活动）。

4. tell (the) time 能说出钟表上的时间；报时

My darling is old enough to tell time. 我的宝贝会看钟了。

5. gain time （钟表）走快；（通过拖延）赢得时间；争取时间；

lose time（钟表）走慢；耽误时间；浪费时间

lose no time in doing sth. 立即做某事

— Excuse me, have you got the time?

— My watch says ten thirty, but it loses two minutes a day.

“劳驾，几点了？”“我的表三点半了，它每天快两分钟。”

6. make (the )time 腾出时间

make good/ excellent time 在旅途中花的时间比预计的少

(1) I’ll try and make time to deal with these e-mails by Friday.

我在周五前会尽量腾出时间来处理这些电子邮件。

(2) The thirteen farmers in Tangshan made excellent time and arrived at Beichuan County in two days. 唐山十三农民一路很顺利，两天后就到了北川县城。

7. look at the time 看看已经几点了（表示比想象的要晚）

watch the time 留意时间（以免误事）

(1) Oh look at the time — we’d better get started. 哦，看看已经几点了，我们该出发了。

(2) Please watch the time! The live broadcast of Barack Obama’s inaugural address is about to begin. 请留意时间，奥巴马就职演说的现场直播就要开始了。

8. beat time 打拍子

keep time （时钟）走得准；合上拍子

keep good/perfect time （钟表）走得很准

The conductor beat time with a baton.指挥用指挥棒打拍子。

My watch keeps perfect time. 我的手表走得很准。

9. run over time 超时

Because of a meeting running over time, I arrived 20 minutes after the function had started.

由于会议散得晚，我参加那次庆典晚了20分钟。

10. waste time (in) doing sth. 浪费时间做某事

waste no time (in) doing sth. 立即做某事

Plenty of time was wasted (in) arguing over the details of the agreement.

许多时间浪费在对协议细节的争论上。

He wasted no time in turning down his father’s offer of help, for he was trying to be independent. 他当即拒绝了父亲的帮助，因为他追求自立。

11. race/work/battle against time 争分夺秒，尽快

Mark was racing against time to complete the work by Friday.

马克争分夺秒，想赶在周五之前完成工作。

12. have no time for sb./sth. 不喜欢某人/某事物

He has no time for people who talk too much.

他不喜欢话太多的人。

13. play for time 为争取时间而拖延

The rebels may be playing for time while they try to get more weapons.

叛乱分子可能在拖延时间，想搞到更多的武器。

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