新概念第一册英语单词和短语（新概念英语全套单词全析全解全集）

新概念英语全套核心单词用法全析全解全集(7)第二册4课

Lesson 4

1.exciting [ik'saitiŋ] a.令人兴奋的

2.receive [ri'si:v] v.接受，收到

3.firm [fə:m] n.商行，公司

4.different ['difrənt] a.不同的

5.centre ['sentə] n.中心

6.abroad [ə'brɔ:d] ad.在国外

新概念英语全套核心单词:用法全析全解全集(第二册Lesson 4)

1. exciting [ik'saitiŋ] a.令人兴奋的，令人激动的,使人激动的,激动人心的；使人激动的；刺激的

①This is an exciting film.这是一部扣人心弦的电影。

②You're going to Africa? How exciting!你要去非洲？真是太刺激了！

③It was a really exciting match.这的确是一场扣人心弦的比赛。

④The children are very excited to hear the exciting news.听到那个令人兴奋的消息，孩子们很兴奋。(注意这两个单词的区别)

⑤The only exciting occurrence was the unexpected drizzle. It had drenched my clothes.唯一让人兴奋的事情就是一场细雨不期而降，它淋湿了我的衣服。

⑥It's always exciting to see polar bears in nature. I will never tire of it as they are fascinating creatures. It is always special. 在自然的环境里看到北极熊是令人兴奋地。我永远不会厌倦他们，他们太有趣也太特别了。

⑦Experts said the find was exciting and like looking into a "lost world" .今朝重见天日，专家惊呼犹如发现迷失的世界。

adv. excitingly

⑧At the time of its appearance, the movie must have seemed excitingly new, even revolutionary.上映时，这部影片看上去肯定新颖而令人兴奋，甚至会是革命性的。

2. receive [ri'si:v]⑴ receive v.接受,收到,得到,受到 to get or be given something

①Did you receive my letter?:你收到我的信了吗？

②I received a phone call from your mother. 我接到你妈妈打来的一个电话。

③They received a visit from the police. 警方到他们家去过了。

④She died after receiving a blow to the head. 她头部受击致死。

⑤Workers received a 15% pay increase this year.今年工人们的薪水提高了15%。

⑵receive v.（收音机或电视）接收(of a radio or television) to change signal into sounds and pictures

⑶（用无线电通话时）收听到，听得到to be able to hear someone's voice when they are communicating with you by radio

①I'm receiving you loud and clear. 我可以清楚地听到你讲话。

⑷接待；迎接；欢迎welcome a visitor or guest

①She stood by the door to receive her guests as they arrived. 她站在门口迎接客人到来。

(5) 作出反应；回应to react to something or someone in a particular way that shows how you feel about it or them

①The prime minister's speech was well/warmly/coldly, etc. received by the conference delegates. 会议代表对首相的演讲反应良好／热烈／冷淡。

(6) 接受（某人）为成员；接纳be received into sthformal to be made a member of an organization

①He was received into the Party in 1947. 他1947年被接纳入党了。

(7)习惯用语idiom

遭受，承受（不愉快的事）be at/on the receiving end——If you are at/on the receiving end of something unpleasant that someone does, you suffer because of it.

①Sales assistants are often at the receiving end of verbal abuse from customers. 售货员经常遭到顾客的辱骂。

拼写错误❌COMMON LEARNER ERROR: Check your spelling!注意拼寫

Receive is one of the 50 words most often spelled wrongly by learners. Receive是英語學習者最容易寫錯的五十個單詞之一。 記住：不要写成‘ie’，而是‘ei’。

3. firm [fə:m]⑴firm n.商行，商号，公司，a company or business

①He works for a law firm called Neil and Vigliano. 他在一家名为尼尔和维利亚诺的律师事务所供职。

②He's just started working for an accountancy firm/a firm of accountants in Beijing. 他刚刚开始在北京的一家会计师事务所工作。

⑵坚硬的，结实的；坚固的firm adjective,(firm,firmer,firmest)not soft but not completely hard

①I'd rather sleep on a firm mattress than a soft one.我宁愿睡硬床垫，也不要软的。

②These pears are still too firm to eat.这些梨还太硬，没法吃。firm , adj. 牢固的2 well fixed in place or position牢固的；稳固的

③The bridge provided a firm platform for the bungee jumpers.这座桥为蹦极者提供了稳固的平台。

(3)坚定的；坚决的；坚定不移的 fixed at the same level or opinion and not changing

①The government remains firm in its opposition to tax reform. 政府仍坚决反对税收改革。

⑷firm , adj. 强有力的；坚决的strong and tight

①They took a firm handshake.他们强有力的握手

②Keep a firm hold of the handrail as you go down.下去时要牢牢抓住扶手。

③No one seems to have a firm grip on the company at the moment.目前似乎没有人能牢牢掌控公司。

④You need a firm grasp of mathematics to become an astronaut.要成为宇航员，数学知识必须非常扎实。

⑸firm , adj. 确定的；坚定不移的certain and not likely to change; definite

①He is a firm believer in traditional family values.他坚信应遵循传统的家庭价值观念。

②Some people still claim that there is no firm evidence linking smoking with lung cancer.有人仍声称没有确凿的证据表明吸烟与肺癌有关。

(6)firm ,adj. 严格的，强硬的forceful and making people do what you want

①I was always very firm with my children - they knew the rules and I made sure they kept to them. 我对孩子们总是很严格——他们知道规矩，我则监督他们守规矩。

②a firm handstrong control牢固控制；铁腕

③Reforming these young offenders will require a firm hand. 对这些少年犯进行改造需要严格的管教手段。

⑺firm v.MAKE HARD使坚实

1.使（土）变硬；使（土）坚实 [T] to make soil harder by pressing on it

①Firm the soil around the cuttings and water them in. 把插条四周的土培实，再浇上水。

firm , v. STOP CHANGING 不变

2.稳定下来；保持不变 [I] specialized to stop changing or to remain at the same level, amount, etc

①Share prices firmed today.股票价格今天稳定了下来。

(8)Firm习惯用语idioms

❶呆在原地；坚持不动；保持不变hold/stand firm, to remain in the same place or at the same level

①The protesters stood firm as the police tried to disperse them. 警察试图驱散示威者，但他们坚守阵地，一动不动。

②The pound held firm against the US dollars today.今天英镑对美元的汇价坚挺。

❷firm sth up，to make something more definite or less likely to change 落实；敲定

①Could we have a meeting so we can firm up the details of our agreement? 我们能不能开个会，把协议细节确定下来？

❸firm sth up（通过锻炼）（使）（身体部位）结实，（使）紧实, to make a part of your body have less fat and more muscle by doing exercise

①Cycling is one of the best ways to firm up your thighs. 想让大腿变得结实，骑自行车是最好的方式之一。

②My stomach has begun to firm up since I started exercising.自从做运动以来，我的腹部开始变结实了。

4. different ['difrənt] a.不同的;不同的，不一样的，有差别的; difference n.不同。

⑴最常用句型 be different from

①Emily is very/completely / entirely different from her sister.埃米莉与她姐姐截然不同。

②He's different now that he's been to college.他现在上了大学，与以前不一样了。

③We're reading a different book this week. 这周我们在读另一本书。

④She seems to wear something different every day.她似乎每天都穿不一样的衣服。

⑤Emily and her sister are quite (= completely) different. 埃米莉和她姐姐完全不同。

⑥There are many different types/kinds of bacteria.细菌有很多不同的种类。

(2)different不同寻常的，另类的；品位差的, describes something or someone you think is unusual or shows bad judgment

①What do I think of your purple shoes? Well, they're certainly different. 我觉得你那双紫色鞋子怎么样？当然很另类啦。

⑶differently, adverb

①We want to do things differently.我们想换种做事情的方式。

②Are girls treated differently?对待女孩有否有差别？

⑷ 易错考点警示：不要混淆形容詞

different和名詞difference：

❌Children need to learn the different between right and wrong.錯誤的用法。

✔Children need to learn the difference between right and wrong.孩子都需要認識對錯之別。

⑸易错考点提醒

警告：當different修飾不止一件事物時，記住名詞須使用複數形式。When using different to refer to more than one thing, remember to use the plural form of the noun.

❌The students all come from different country.（錯誤的用法）

✔The students all come from different countries.學生都來自不同的國家。

5. centre ['sentə] n.中心

⑴centre the middle point or part 中心点；中心，中央

①There was a large table in the centre of the room.屋子中央有张大桌子。

②We are going to visit the museum in the town centre.市中心

(2) 关注的中心；瞩目的焦点centre of attentionthe person or thing that everyone is most interested in and pays most attention to

①She's the centre of attention everywhere she goes.她不论走到哪里都是众人瞩目的焦点。

(3) 处于…的焦点；处于…的中心be at the centre of sthto be most involved in a situation

①Mark was at the centre of the argument.马克处于争论的风口浪尖上。

②A social worker was at the centre of the scandal.一位社会工作者处于这起丑闻的漩涡之中。

(4)（尤指某一活动的）中心centre ，a place or building, especially one where a particular activity happens

①a sports/leisure/health centre体育／休闲／保健中心

②a garden/shopping centre园艺／购物中心

③Grants will be given to establish centres of excellence (= places where a particular activity is done extremely well) in this field of research. 将会拨款在这一领域建立出色的研究中心。

(5)noun [S] （政治上）中间立场（的），中间派（的）[ center sing/pl verb] ,

in politics, the people in a group who hold opinions which are not extreme but are between two opposites

①His political views are known to be left of centre. 人们知道他的政治观点属于中间偏左。

(6)centre v.将…放在中央，使居中 to put something in the middle of an area

①Centre (= Put at equal distances from the left and right sides of the page) all the headings in this document.把这份文件中的所有标题居中。

(7)（主要指话题或兴趣）以…为中心，围绕着centred around/on sth, to have something as the main subject of discussion or interest

①The discussion centred around reducing waste.讨论围绕着减少浪费而展开。

6. abroad [ə'brɔ:d] ad.在国外

⑴在国外；到国外in or to a foreign country or countries

①He's currently abroad on business.目前他在国外出差。

②We always go abroad in the summer.我们夏天总是到国外去。

③During the COVID-19 he was sent on dangerous secret missions abroad. Very exciting! 新冠肺炎疫情期间，他被派往国外担任一项危险而秘密的使命。太令人兴奋了。

⑵在户外的；室外的abroad outside; not at home

①Not a soul was abroad that morning.那天上午，户外空无一人。

⑶abroad MANY PEOPLE 很多人

广为流传的[after verb] formal describes ideas, feelings and opinions that are shared by many people

①There's a rumour abroad that she intends to leave the company.到处都在传言说她要离开公司。

⑷ 一展身手，研读下列句子感悟abroad的各种词性转换和词义:

①The firm has identified 60 potential customers at home and abroad.该公司已在国内外找到60个潜在客户。我今年很想出国。

②He will stand in for MrWu when he is abroad.吴先生出国时由他代替。

②He gives up the idea of going abroad.他放弃了出国的念头。

③The teacher referred to in my last letter has gone abroad.我上次信中谈到的那位老师到国外去了。

④He was engaged from abroad.他是从国外聘来的。

⑤It is said that all ships coming from abroad should be performed quarantine during the COVID-19.据说对所有国外来的船舶都要进行检疫在新冠肺炎疫情期间。

⑥He has returned from abroad since the COVID-19 broke out at the end of January.他已经从国外回来自从新冠肺炎疫情一月末爆发。

⑦All the indications are that we are going to receive reasonable support from abroad所有迹象都表明，我们将从国外获得有力支持。

⑧I chose to work abroad to improve my career prospects.我选择出国工作以求在事业上有更好的发展。

⑨The American economy, and its ability to compete abroad, was slowing down according to the report.根据这项报告，美国经济及其海外竞争能力发展的速度开始放缓。

⑩Li Yuchun gives frequent performances of her work, both at home and abroad.李宇春经常在国内外演出自己的作品。

(11)We buy everything abroad with the money earned from oil imports.我们用进口石油赚到的钱从国外购买一切商品。应该是一段让人兴奋而愉快的经历。

(12)Nearly half the students come from abroad in this school.

,