八仙剪纸100种（渲染剪纸108将画轴）

一百零八将，是指《水浒传》中梁山泊上的一百零八头领。剪纸十米长卷将108个人物刻画的惟妙惟肖，楚楚动人。

渲染剪纸108将画轴

施耐庵，元末明初小说家。兴化白驹场人。一百零八将，是指《水浒传》中梁山泊上的一百零八头领。这一百零八人性格各异，各有所长，结局不同。通过一系列梁山英雄反抗压迫、英勇斗争的生动故事，暴露了北宋末年统治阶级的腐朽和残暴，揭露了当时尖锐对立的社会矛盾和“官逼民反”的残酷现实。

文化是民族的血脉,是人民的精神家园。非物质文化遗产是各族人民世代相承、与群众生活密切相关的各种传统文化表现形式和文化空间。非物质文化遗产既是历史发展的见证，又是珍贵的、具有重要价值的文化资源。蔚州人民在长期生产生活实践中创造的丰富多彩的非物质文化遗产，是中华民族智慧与文明结晶的一部分。

从2017年10月开始，文艺朝歌公众号将陆续推出蔚州的非物质文化遗产，向大家一一展示我县非物质文化遗产的风采，让大家熟悉了解淇县厚重历史文化的另一种状态、姿态、形态。此次对非物质文化遗产的展示，得到了蔚州文广局主要领导的大力支持，文化馆非遗中心提供了大量文字、图片等资料，在这里一并表示感谢。

远古时代，人类就已经发现和运用了以影像做为形象表记的艺术手法，并继而创造了在各种材料上镂刻、透空的艺术语言。这在诸多的原始社会彩陶岩画、商周青铜 器、汉画像石艺术中，都体现了远古艺匠运用这一艺术手法的完善。今天的民间剪纸与之在造型方式和外部特征极其明显的一致，充分说明他们之间的传承和延续关系。

“汉妃抱娃窗前耍，巧剪桐叶照窗纱。”利用薄片材料剪刻镂花，在有纸以前就已经不乏，如汉代的金银箔刻花。但确切意义上的剪 纸，当然是在有纸以后。我国是发明纸的国家，早在西汉时代已开始造纸。至此，利用纸便于剪刻镂空的性能符合民俗所需的剪纸艺术，随之在民众之中产生。然而，目前发现最早的剪纸实物，采用重复折叠的方式和形象互不遮挡的处理手法，与今天的民间画纸剪纸极其相似。

此幅剪纸起源于民清时期，中兴于民国，历经岁月轮回，生生不息，今天的纸剪纸逐步趋向于产业化发展，有普通的窗花剪纸发展多元化人物、风景、民俗等系列题材，呈现方式由单张到画轴和渲染剪纸画。

剪纸是一种镂空艺术和最为流行的民间艺术，在视觉上给人以透空的感觉和艺术享受。其载体可以是纸张、金银箔、树皮、树叶、布、皮、革等片状材料。因其材料易得、成本低廉、效果立见、适应面广，样式千姿百态，形象普遍生动而受欢迎；更因它最适合农村妇女闲暇制作，既可作实用物，又可美化生活。全国各地都能见到剪纸，甚至形成了不同地方风格流派。剪纸不仅表现了群众的审美爱好，并含蕴着民族的社会深层心理，也是中国最具特色的民艺之一，其造型特点尤其值得研究。

一百单八将是指四大名著之一《水浒传》中梁山泊上的一百零八位头领，由天罡星三十六员和地煞星七十二员组成。这一百零八人性格各异，各有所长，结局不同，是我国文学史上的经典人物群像。

水浒108将是根据上位天罡星36星，下位地煞星72星来排定，其中天罡星和地煞星的说法见于《水浒传》第二回《王教头私走延安府 九纹龙大闹史家村》开篇，而座次见于第七十一回《忠义堂石碣受天文 梁山泊英雄排座次》

剪纸善于把多种物象组合在一起，并产生出理想中的美好结果。无论用一个或多个形象组合，皆是“以象寓意”、“以意构象”来造型，而不是根据客观的自然形态来造型，同时，又善于用比兴的手法创造出来多种吉祥物，把约定成俗的形象组合起来表达自己的心理。种种质朴的怪诞而又包含率真至美的剪纸造型，来源于原始的视觉思维方式和民间审美观念;来自于有程式体系和意象造像组成的独特造型体系;来自于中国的本原哲学和世界观，更具有感人的艺术魅力，此幅剪纸结合了渲染艺术，使得剪纸画生动自然，更具观赏价值。

毛主席像章是指以毛泽东像为表现主体的徽章，亦称“像章”。1966年一1970年生产制造的有一部分毛主席像章也被称为“红宝章”、“纪念章”。按1982年通过的《中华人民共和国文物保护法》以及2017年修正通过的《中华人民共和国文物保护法》相关规定，1976年9月9日以前生产制造的毛主席像章属于现代文物，受文物法保护。

毛主席像章

文革初期佩戴毛主席像章的人寥寥无几，如“星星之火”，因为那时像章数量很少，要有一点门道的人才能搞到一两枚。后来，像章逐渐多了起来，几乎每人都有几枚像章。佩戴像章，上级并无指令，可是几乎人人佩戴。佩戴的数量多少不一，最少一枚，最多的十几枚，有一位战士在参加活学活用毛主席著作积极分子代表会议时，军帽和军衣上挂满了毛主席像章，创造了佩戴像章的最高纪录。

除上述以外，最近几年毛主席像章出版物、家庭展览馆、像章城、收藏研究会等等，在中华大地相继出现，已形成了一条特别的风景线。这道风景线的形成并不奇怪，因为毛主席像章是一种当代文物，可以为研究历史提供有价值的资料，同时也是一种精美的艺术品，具有很高的欣赏价值。更为重要的是，人民对毛主席有深厚的感情，收藏、展览和研究像章也是对他的纪念。

英文翻译：One hundred and eight generals refers to the one hundred and eight leaders at liangshan Park in the Water Margin. The 108 characters are vividly depicted on a 10-meter-long paper-cut scroll.

Render Paper-cut 108 will draw axis

Shi Naian was a novelist in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. Xinghua baiju field people. One hundred and eight generals refers to the one hundred and eight leaders at liangshan Park in the Water Margin. These 108 people have different personalities, different strengths and different outcomes. Through a series of vivid stories of liangshan heroes' heroic struggle against oppression, it exposes the decay and cruelty of the ruling class at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and reveals the social contradictions of sharp opposition at that time and the cruel reality of "the government forced the people to rebel".

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation and the spiritual home of the people. The intangible cultural heritage is a variety of traditional cultural manifestations and cultural space which are closely related to the people's life and inherited from generation to generation. The intangible cultural heritage is not only the witness of historical development, but also the precious and valuable cultural resources. The rich and colorful intangible cultural heritage created by the people of Weizhou in their long-term production and living practices is part of the crystallization of the wisdom and civilization of the Chinese nation.

From the beginning of October 2017, literature and art zhaige public number will gradually launch the intangible cultural heritage of Wezhou, to show you one by one the style of the intangible cultural heritage of our county, so that we are familiar with another state, posture and form of heavy history and culture of Qi County. The display of intangible cultural heritage has been strongly supported by the main leaders of Weizhou Bureau of Culture and Broadcasting. The Cultural Center of intangible cultural Heritage has provided a large number of text, pictures and other materials, and I would like to express my gratitude here.

In ancient times, human beings have discovered and used the artistic technique of using images as the symbol of images, and then created the artistic language of carving and permeating on various materials. This in a lot of primitive society painted pottery rock paintings, shang and Zhou bronze wares, han stone sculpture art, all reflect the ancient artisans to use the perfection of this artistic technique. Today's folk paper cutting and it in the shape of the way and external characteristics are extremely obvious consistent, fully illustrating the inheritance and continuity between them.

"The princess held the baby to play in front of the window, cutting the window screen." The use of thin sheet materials cut carving, in the paper before there has been no lack of, such as the Han dynasty gold and silver foil carving. But the exact sense of paper cutting, of course, is in the paper after. China is the invention of paper country, as early as the Western Han Dynasty has begun to make paper. At this point, the paper cutting art, which is convenient for cutting and hollowing, is in line with the folk custom. However, the earliest paper-cut objects found at present, using the way of repeated folding and image do not block each other, and today's folk paper-cut is very similar.

This paper cut originated in the Qing Dynasty, revived in the Republic of China, after years of reincarnation, life and growth, today's paper cut gradually tends to industrialization development, there are ordinary paper-cut window-cut development of diversified characters, scenery, folk customs and other themes, the way of presenting from the sheet to scroll and rendering paper cut painting.

Paper cutting is a kind of hollow art and the most popular folk art, in the visual sense to give people a sense of emptiness and artistic enjoyment. Its carrier can be paper, gold and silver foil, bark, leaves, cloth, leather, leather and other sheet materials. Because of its easy access to materials, low cost, effect, wide range of adaptation, style, image is generally vivid and popular; More because it is the most suitable for rural women leisure production, both can be practical, but also beautify life. Paper-cutting can be found all over the country and has even formed different local styles and schools. Paper-cut not only expresses the aesthetic interest of the masses, but also contains the deep social psychology of the nation. It is also one of the most characteristic folk arts in China, and its shape characteristics are especially worth studying.

One hundred single eight will be to point to one of the four great classical works "water margin" in the Liang Shan park 108 leaders, by the Gang star 36 members and 72 members of the earth spirit star composition. These 108 people have different personalities, different strengths and different endings, which are the classic figures in the history of Chinese literature.

Shuihu 108 will be arranged according to the upper Tiangang star 36 stars, the lower tiangang star 72 stars, among which the Tiangang star and the earth evil star are mentioned in the "Water Outlaws" the second "Wang Jiatou went to yan 'an Prefecture nine grain dragon to make a big noise in The Shijia village", and the seat is seen in the 71st "zhongyi Tang Shijie by astronomical Liangshan park hero row".

Paper-cut is good at combining a variety of objects and images together, and produce good results in the ideal. No matter with one or more image combination, are "to symbolize", "to meaning conformation" to modeling, rather than according to the objective natural form to modeling, at the same time, but also good at using bixing techniques to create a variety of mascots, the agreed into a common image combination to express their own psychology. All kinds of simple and grotesque paper-cut shapes, which contain the frankness and beauty, come from the original visual thinking mode and folk aesthetic concepts. It comes from the unique modeling system composed of program system and image; Coming from China's basic philosophy and world outlook, this paper cut has a touching artistic charm. It combines the rendering art, making the paper cut painting vivid and natural, with more ornamental value.

Chairman MAO's badge is a badge with MAO zedong as the main body of expression, also known as "badge". From 1966 to 1970, a part of Chairman MAO's badge was also called "red badge" and "commemorative badge". According to the Relevant provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics passed in 1982 and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics amended in 2017, Chairman MAO's badge manufactured before September 9, 1976 is a modern cultural relic and shall be protected by the Cultural Relics Law.

Chairman MAO's badge

In the early days of the Cultural Revolution, few people wore MAO's badge, such as the "Spark of fire", because there were so few badges at that time, and only those with a little knowledge could get one or two. Later, more and more badge up, almost everyone has several badges. There is no instruction to wear a badge, but almost everyone wears it. At least one, but at most more than a dozen. One soldier was wearing Chairman MAO's badge on his military cap and uniform when he attended a meeting of representatives of activists who actively learned and used Chairman MAO's works, creating the highest record for wearing a badge.

In addition to the above, in recent years, chairman MAO's badge publications, family exhibition halls, badge cities, collection research institutes and so on have appeared one after another in China, forming a special landscape. The formation of this landscape line is not surprising, because the Chairman MAO badge is a contemporary cultural relic, which can provide valuable information for the study of history, but also a fine art, with high value of appreciation. More importantly, the people have deep feelings for Chairman MAO, and the collection, exhibition and research of the badge is also a memorial to him.