八年级下册英语知识点归纳1-6单元（人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结）

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

1. arrive at 到达(小地方)

arrive in到达(大地方)

reach 到达

get to 到达

I arrived in Beijing last night. = I reached Beijing last night .

= I got to Beijing last night .

如果宾语是副词here, there, home, 要把at/in/to省略。

arrive here/there/home

get here/there/home

2. in front of… 在 … 的前面 (某一范围外的前面)

in the front of … 在 … 的前面(某一范围内的前面)

There are some big trees in front of the classroom building. 在教室的前面有一些大树。

I like sitting in the front of the taxi. 我喜欢坐在出租车的前排位置。

3. take off

（1）起飞

When did the plane take off yesterday? 飞机什么时候起飞？

（2）脱下(衣帽等)

He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room. 他一进房间就脱掉了外套。

（3）取消

They will take off the 5 am train . 他们取消了早上5点的火车。

4. get out (of ) … 从……离开/出去/下来

A car stopped and a girl got out of it.

但从汽车/火车/船/飞机/马匹上下来, 用get off…

5. follow

（1）跟随 I followed him up he hill. 我跟着他上了山.

（2）沿着……前进 Follow this road until you get to the post office. 顺着这条路一直到邮局.

（3）听懂，理解 Could you speak more slowly? I can’t follow you. 你能说慢点吗？我听不懂。

（4）follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事

Please follow me to read the story. 请跟我读这个故事。

6. shout at 大声喊叫，多指因生气而非善意的大声叫喊

Don’t shout at the little boy. He is too young. 不要对他大叫，他还太小。

shout to 大声喊叫，多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊

We should shout to him , or he can’t hear us. 我们应该朝他叫喊，否则他听不到我们的声音。

7. happen 发生，具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生

（1）happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday .昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。

（2）sth happens to sb. 某人发生了某事

An car accident happened to him last month. 上个月他发生了交通事故.

take place 发生

（1）按计划进行或按计划发生

Great changes have taken place in China in recent years. 最近几年中国发生了巨大的变化.

（2）(运动/ 活动/会议等) 举行

The meeting will take place next Friday. 运动会将于下星期五举行。

take the place of 代替, 取代

Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal . 塑料有时能代替木材和金属.

take one’s place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的职务

Come to take my place. my seat is near the window . 来做我的位置，我的座位靠近窗户。

8. anywhere 任何地方，常用于否定句或疑问句中.

Did you go anywhere last night? 你昨天还去了别的地方了吗？

somewhere 某个地方，用于肯定句。

come and see me. Then we’ll go out somewhere. 来我家找我，然后我们出去逛逛。

everywhere 处处, 到处 = here and there

I can’t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere. 尽管我到处都找过了，还是找不到我的钢笔。

11. silence 名词, 寂静/无声

There’s nothing but silence in the room. 屋内寂静无声。

Keep in silence. 保持沉默.

silent 形容词, 沉默的, 寂静的

The old house was quite silent. 这所老房子寂静无声。

The cat moved on silent feet. 那只猫无声地走动着。

12. hear 听到

Can you hear someone knocking at the door? 你听到有人敲门了吗？

（1）hear of 听说 , 后接表示人或物的词

I have never heard of him before. 我以前从来没有听说过他。

( 2 ) hear about 听说, 后接表示事件的名词

I’ve just heard about his illness. 我刚刚听说他生病的事。

Have you heard about the accident ? 你听说了那场事故吗?

（3）hear from 收到某人的来信

I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday. 我昨天收到在纽约的女儿的来信。

13. 主语 be one of the 形容词最高级 复数名词 in / of 短语。

…… 是……中最……的……之一.

This was one of the most important events in modern American history. 这是美国历史上最重要的事件之一。

Xiamen is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 厦门是中国最漂亮的城市之一。

13. experience

（1）名词经验, 不可数名词 ; 经历, 体验, 可数名词

Have you had any experience of fishing? 你有钓鱼的经验吗?

Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa? 你能给我们谈谈你在非洲的经历吗?

（2）动词 经历, 感觉

The children experienced many difficulties this time. 这次孩子们经历了许多困难.

experienced 形容词 有经验的

be experienced in/at doing sth. = have much experience in/at doing sth. 做某事很有经验.

She is an experienced teacher. 他是一个经验丰富的教师。

He is very experienced in/at repairing cars. 他修车很有经验。

14. as … as … 和…… 一样… 两个as之间用形容词或副词的原形。

He works as carefully as she. 他和她一样工作认真。

She is as tall as her mother. 她和母亲一样高。

not as… as… 不如某人/某物…

He isn’t as / so old as he looks . 他不像看起来那么老。

She doesn’t run as / so fast as her brother. 她不如她哥哥跑得那么快。

15. have fun = have a good/great/wonderful time = enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快

Did you have fun at the party? 昨天在派对上玩的开心吗？

= Did you have a good/great/wonderful time ?

= Did you enjoy yourself ?

have fun doing sth. 开心做某事

I’m just having fun playing the guitar . 我正开心的弹吉他呢。

16. accident 事故, 意外遭遇

He was killed in an accident. 他死于一起意外事故.

traffic accident 交通事故

Many people die in traffic accidents every year. 每年有很多人死于交通事故。

by accident 偶然, 意外地

We met at the airport by accident . 我们偶然在机场遇见。

18. think about 考虑 (某个计划 )

They are thinking about moving to Beijing. 他们考虑搬去北京。

think of 认为 What do you think of the movie?= how do you like the movie? 你认为这部电影怎么样?

think over 仔细思考

We need a few days to think over this matter. 我们需要几天时间来考虑这个事情。

19. 感叹句

what 引导的感叹句

（1）What a beautiful girl (she is )! 多么美的姑娘呀 !

（2）What a clever boy ( he is )! 多么聪明的男孩呀 !

（3）What interesting pictures ( they are )! 多么美的图片呀 !

（4）What tall buildings ( they are )! 多么高的楼呀 !

（5）What delicious food ( it is ) ! 多么可口的食物呀 !

（6）What bad weather ( it is ) ! 多么坏的天气呀 !

规律：what ( a/an ) 形容词 名词 ( 主语 谓语) !

名词为不可数名词或复数名词时, 形容词前面不能有a/an。

how 引导的感叹句

（7）How heavy the box is! 多么重的箱子呀!

How fast he runs! 他跑得多快呀!

（8）How careful the girl is! 多么细心的姑娘呀!

How well she plays the piano! 她的钢琴弹得多好呀!

20. 过去进行时

过去进行时的用法

（1）过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

What were you doing at 8:30 this morning? 今天早上8点半你正在做什么？

When I called him, he was having dinner. 当我打电话给他时，他正在吃饭。

（2）过去某段时间正在进行的动作。

What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 你昨天7点到9点在做什么？

I was reading the whole morning yesterday. 我昨天一整个早上都在看书。

过去进行时的构成

（1）肯定句：主语 was / were 动词ing形式 时间状语。

（2）否定句：主语 was / were not 动词ing形式 时间状语。

（3）疑问句：was / were 主语 动词ing形式 时间状语 ？

肯定回答：Yes , 主语 was / were .

否定回答：No, 主语 was / were not .

Unit6 An old man tried to move the mountains.

1. What do you think about/of...?

So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?=How do you like the story of Yu Gong? 你觉得愚公的故事如何？

2. It doesn’t seem adj. to do sth...

It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain. 把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3. This is because...

This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

4. … so… that 从句

Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. 有时候他使金箍棒变得如此小以至于他可以把它放在耳朵里。

5. It takes sb. some time to do sth...

Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 因为它们如此之大以至于走到另一边花费了很长时间。

6. ...not...until十从句 直到......才......

Don’t eat it until you get to the forest. 你们到达森林之后才能吃。

7. shoot v.射，射击，过去式shot

Hou Yi shoots the sun. 后羿射日。

shoot at sth. 瞄准/朝......射击

8. as soon as…“一…...就...…，刚...…就...…”

I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就把消息告诉他。

He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一坐下就把英语书拿出来了。

9. A god was so moved by Yu Gong that he send two gods to take the mountains away.

(1) move v. 打动；使感动

be moved (by sth./sb.) （被某人/事）感动

I was moves by your kindness. 我被你的善良打动了。

(2)take (…) away（把......）带走，拿走

Someone took my iPhone away while I was waiting in the station. 当我在车站等车的时候，有人拿走了我的iphone。

take out 带出去，拿出去

take turns (to do…) 轮流做某事

10. remind v.“提醒，使想起”，及物动词

(1) remind sb. of sth. 让我们想起某事

The old photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张老照片让我想起了我的童年。

(2) remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事：

My parents often remind me to study hard. 我的父母总是提醒我要努力学习。

11. I think it’s a little bit silly. 我认为那有点儿傻。

a little bit 意为“有点儿”，后加形容词，相当于a little，a bit

This is a little bit difficult for me. 这对我来说有点难。

12. turn...into... “把......变成......”

Please turn this into English. 请把这个译成英语。

Joan is turning into a skilled musician. 琼正在变成一个技艺精湛的音乐家。

13. at other times “平时，有时，在其他时候”

At other times he doesn’t have to get up at all. 平时他根本不必起来。

Sometimes we went to the beach and at other times we went to climb the mountains. 我们有时候去海滩，有时去爬山。

14. come out

(1) 出版

That magazine comes out every Monday. 那本杂志每周一出版。

(2) 出来，出现，开花

The stars come out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑星星就出来了。

(2) 传出，真相大白

The truth has come out at last. 最后真相大白了。

15. become interested in，对…...感兴趣 = be interested in，后接名词，代词，动名词

I became interested in piano. 我对钢琴感兴趣。

16. whole adj. 全部的，整体的

whole后通常跟可数名词，前加the/this/ my等形容词性物主代词修饰

The old man told us the whole story. 老人给我们讲了整个故事。

all也指”所有的”，修饰可数或不可数名词，放在the/ this/ my等词前。

17. be made of… 由......制成，看得出原材料；

be made from… 由......制成，看不出原材料。

Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

1. It is adj. (for sb. ) to do sth.

It is very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。

2. ... is because ...

One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。

3. ...show(s) (sb) that...

The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想。

4. 表达事物的长，宽，高，深……?

sth. /sb. be 数量 单位 形容词long, wide, tall, deep。

The river is 2 meters deep.

Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.

long---length (n. 长度)

wide---width (n. 宽度)

deep---depth(n. 深度)

high----height(n.高度)

the length/depth/ width/height/size of sth. … 的长度，深度，宽度，高度，面积

5. 问事物的高，深，宽，长…?

How high/deep/tall/wide/long/is...?

How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？

6. The first Chinese team did so in1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.

1) while, 此处是“而，然而，”轻微对比。不是“当…时候”, 用在句中，前面有逗号。

2) succeed. v. 成功

succeed in doing sth.

He succeeded in finishing the work. 他成功的完成了工作。

success n.“成功”不可数

Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的关键。

success n. “成功的人，物”，可数

He is a great success. 他是一个很成功的人。

successful adj. 成功的， successfully adj. 成功地

7. Adult pandas spend more than12 hours a day eating 10 kilos of bamboo.

bamboo 做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不可数，bamboo chair；但做植物讲时可数。

1) sb. spend time/money on sth./in doing sth.

2) sb. pay money for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱

3) It takes sb time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事

4) sth cost money 某物值多少钱。

8. Canada is a lot less crowded than China. 加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。

less adj than 不及......

Joseph is less honest than his brother. 约瑟夫不像他兄弟那样诚实。

less than （中间不加任何词）“少于” There are less than 30 girls in my class. 我们班不足30个女生。

more than （中间不加任何词）“超过，多于，相当于over”

There are more than 30 girls in my class. 我们班有超过30个女生。

Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island？

1. Have you read Little Woman yet? 你读过《小妇人》这本书吗？

现在完成时的基本句型：

肯定式：主语 助动词have/has 动词的过去分词。

疑问式：助动词Have/Has 主语 动词的过去分词?

否定式: 主语 助动词have/has not 动词的过去分词。

现在完成时的主要用法

1）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和副词already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等连用。.

I have finished my homework. I am free. (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)

2）表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since 过去的时间点， for 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。

I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)

She has swum since half an hour before. 我已经游泳了半个小时。(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)

already/yet的区别：

already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。

He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。

My parents haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的父母还没吃早餐。

2. What’s it like? 它怎么样？

某物怎么样？ What’s 物 like?

How be 物？ 某人怎么样？

What’s 人 like? 用来提问人的性格

What do / does 人 look like?用来提问人的外表

3. Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures.

《雾都孤儿》讲的是一个小男孩出海并发现了一个满是珠宝的小岛的故事。

full of 充满

be full of = be filled with 充满

The cup is full of water =The cup is filled with water.

be full for 对…很忙 This week is full for me.

4. It’s about four sisters growing up. 它讲述的是四个姐妹的成长故事。

grow up 长大；成长

I grew up in Beijing. 我在北京长大。

grow into 长大成为

Mary grew into a beautiful girl. 玛丽长成了一个漂亮的女孩。

5. You should hurry up. 你得快点。

hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事）(用在口语中，用来催促别人快走）

in a hurry=in one’s hurry 匆忙地

hurry to do sth 匆忙去做

hurry sb. 催促某人

6. One of them died but the other ran towards my house. 他们中的一个人死了，另一个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。

the other 另一个 , one …the other一个….另一个(仅用两者间)

other 泛指其他的人、物 作形容词或代词，其后接名词的复数形式

others 泛指另外几个，其余的 是other的复数形式，在句中作主语、宾语

the others 其他东西；其余的人们，特指某一范围的“其他的人或物”

another 其他的；再一个；另一个，只能用于三个或更多的人或物

7. think of / think about / think over辨析

（1）think of, 固定短语，表示“提到（某人、某物、某事或某主意等），考虑，思考，对......有某种看法”，后接名词，代词、动词-ing形式。

--- What do you think of your Chinese teacher?

--- I like her very much.

（2）think of 表示“思考，考虑，对......有某种看法”时，可以与think about 互换。

What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie?

（3）think of 表示“想出，想着，想起”时，不可用think about 代替。

I always think of my childhood. 我总是想起我的童年。

（4）think over意为“仔细考虑，认真考虑”，强调思考的程度比think of/about深，相当于think about...carefully。 其中over是副词，宾语若是名词，则可位于over之前或之后；当宾语是代词时，则必须放在over之前。

Think it over before you do it. 三思而后行。

Unit9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?

1. —Have you ever been to…? ---你曾经去过游乐园吗？

—Yes，I have. / No，I haven’t. ---是的，去过。/不，没去过。

I/He/She have / has never been to… 我/他/她从没去过……

I/He/She have / has been to… many times. 我/他/她去过...…很多次。

I’d like to go there again. 我还想再去一次。

2. — Have you ever been to an amusement park? ---你曾经去过游乐园吗？

— Yes，I have. / No，I haven’t. ---是的，去过。/不，没去过。 点拨1

have been to＋地点 去过某地

I have been to Beijing. 我去过北京。

辨析：have been to＋sp.与 have gone to ＋sp.

①have been to ＋sp., 表示去过某处，现在已经回来了，不在那里了。

We have been to Qingdao. 我们去过青岛。（现在不在青岛）

②have gone to ＋sp., 表示到某处去了，现在还没有回来。

They have gone to Sydney. 他们去悉尼了。（现在在悉尼或在途中）

③have been in ＋sp., 表示在某处呆过多长时间。

How long have you been in China? 你在中国住了多长时间？

3. neither, nor用法相同，都用于否定的倒装，意为“也不”。

so用于肯定的倒装。意为“也”。

①否定句＋neither/nor＋be(have, 助动词或情态动词)＋另一主语，表示“也不”。

If you won’t go, neither will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。

He isn’t a teacher, neither am I. 他不是老师，我也不是。

②肯定句＋so＋be(have, 助动词或情态动词)＋另一主语，表示“也”。

She likes apples, so does her brother. 她喜欢苹果，她弟弟也喜欢。

He is from the USA, so is his wife. 他是美国人，他妻子也是。

4. 辨析：hear，hear of与hear from

(1)hear为及物动词，意为“听见，听到”，后可跟复合宾语

hear sb do sth表示“听见某人做了某事”或hear sb doing sth表示“听见某人正做某事”。

We listened but could hear nothing. 我们留心听，却什么也没有听见。

I heard her singing in her room. 我听见她正在房间里唱歌。

(2)hear还可作“听说”讲，后常跟that引导的宾语从句。

I heard that he was ill. 我听说他病了。

I heard that it’s a good film. 我听说那是部好影片。

(3)hear of意为“听说”，后跟人或物作宾语。

I’ve never heard of that place. 我从未听说过那个地方。

Have you ever heard of that story? 你听说过那个故事吗？

(4)hear from意为“收到某人的来信”，后跟人作宾语。

How often do you hear from your sister? 你多长时间收到你姐姐的一次信？

I heard from him last week. 我上周收到他的信。

5. find，find out与look for都含有“寻找，找到”的意思，但其含义和用法却不同。

(1)find意为“找到，发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调的是找的结果。

Will you find me a pen? 你替我找支钢笔好吗？

He didn’t find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。

(2)look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。

I don’t find my pen；I’m looking for it everywhere. 我没有找到我的钢笔，我正到处找。

(3)find out意为“找出，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚，弄明白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。

Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。

Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question. 读这篇短文，找出这个问题的答案。

Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years.

1. Some… Others...

Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.

有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。

2. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest，I have not played for a while now.

至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在的，我现在巳经有一段时间没有踢(足球)了。

3. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? 你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？

4. What would you do with the money you raise? 你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？

5. 与现在完成时连用的时间状语

already (肯定句)；yet (否定或疑问)；just；before；never；ever；recently最近；so far 到目前为止；

表示次数的词，如：once, twice, three times；

for 时间段= since 时间段 ago；since 过去时间点；since 过去时的句子；

how long；these days等

附：常见的非延续动词转换为延续性动词表。

1. 转换为相应的延续性动词。

borrow — keep

buy — have

put on — wear

catch/get a cold — have a cold

get to know — know

get to sleep — sleep

2. 转化为“be 形容词/副词/介词/名词”

close — be closed

open — be open

die — be dead

become — be

fall sleep — be asleep

wake up — be awake

make friends — be friends

fall/get ill — be ill

lose — be lost/missing

marry — be married

leave ( 地点) — be away (from 地点)

come back/go back/return — be back

begin / start — be on

go out — be out

finish — be over

get up — be up

go to bed — be in bed

join — be in/be a member of

get to/arrive in(at)/reach — be (in/at)

come to/go to/move to — be (in/at)

,