考研英语语法之非谓语动词（考研语法第二课）

老朱英语课

考研语法第二课 谓语的考点分析

考点1——完型(tend to)

①Research on animalintelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. ②consider the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. ③Fruitflies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly ____ to live shorter lives.

[A]tended

[B]feared

[C]happened

[D]threatened

【问题】

1. consider用法？

2. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly ____ to live shorter lives. 译文如何拆分处理？3. 几个to搭配区别：tend to // happen to // threaten to

4. the average fruit fly怎么翻译？

考点2——阅读(would)

It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it.

In the first paragraph, the author discusses ______.

[A]the background information of journal editing

[B]the publication routine of laboratory reports

[C]the relations of authors with journal publishers

[D]the traditional process of journal publication

【问题】

1.过去经常的表达有几种？

2.would本段意思相同吗？

3.name and affiliation怎么翻译？

4.depending on怎么翻译？作什么成分？

5.最后一句话怎么理解？

6.分析各选项的对错原因？

7.本题是阅读中的什么题型？

8.生词积累：

straightforward

submit

laboratory

journal

remove

affiliation

peep

review

publication

decline

考点3——阅读(时态辅助定位)

The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates. When this practice first started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses.

What was the original purpose of grade forgiveness?

A.To help freshmen adapt to college learning.

B.To maintain colleges’ graduation rates.

C.To prepare graduates for a challenging future.

D.To increase universities’ income from tuition.

【问题】

1.先看题还是先从头到尾读文章？

2.生词积累：

little-known

practice

accelerate

do one’s utmost to do sth

tuition

freshman

struggle

transition

3.The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years怎么翻译？

4.if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses怎么翻译？

5.大学水平的课程怎么表达？

6.本题答案？

考点4——阅读(隐性转折)

When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals: they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.

The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that ____.

[A]large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment

[B]small species survived as large animals disappeared

[C]large sea animals may face the same threat today

[D]slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones

【问题】

1.本题是什么题型？应对该题型的通用方法？

2.生词积累

prehistoric

extinct// extinction

species

survive

3.easy game什么意思？

4.这一段那个词表示转折？

5.最后一句中的could是现在还是过去？

6.本题答案？与答案有哪些同义替换？

考点5——阅读(隐性转折)

The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.

Which of the following is the text mainly about?

[A]Alternatives to conventional paid media.

[B]conflict between hijacked and earned media.

[C]Dominance of hijacked media.

[D]Popularity of owned media.

【问题】

1.题型类别？通用解题方法？

2.这一段是否有转折？

3.这一段的核心句子是哪个短句？

4.The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.怎么翻译？

5.while放句首，最常见的意思？

6.生词积累

rough

commercial

play a role

exploit

alternative

conventional

conflict

hijack

dominance

7.本题答案？

考点6——阅读(现完更强调现在)

Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw.

One problem with the PreCheck program is ______

[A]a dramatic reduction of its scale.

[B]its wrongly-directed implementation.

[C]the government’s reluctance to back it.

[D]an unreasonable price for enrollment.

【问题】

1.has been通常怎么翻译？

2.He has worked in the company for 3 years. 说明他现在是否还在这个公司上班？

3.生词积累

fatal

flaw

enrollment

reluctance

implementation

dramatic

reduction

4.本题容易吗？

考点7——阅读(have long done)

A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.

The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because _______

[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.

[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.

[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.

[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.

【问题】

1.本题题型？通用解题方式？

2.生词积累

vocal

environmentalist

disrespect

sacred

reminder

occupation

sovereign

humiliating

3.have long viewed 怎么翻译？

4.some是多还是少？

5.本题哪个答案正确？

6.整个句子的译文？

考点8——阅读(进行时的被动)

But some observers are skeptical. “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Troy Duster, a New York University sociologist.

Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to ____.

[A]trace distant ancestors

[B]rebuild reliable bloodlines

[C]fully use genetic information

[D]achieve the claimed accuracy

【问题】

1.being hawked by...作什么成分？

2.生词积累

skeptical

precision

hawk

claim

ancestry

sociologist

failto do

bloodline

reliable

genetic

accuracy

3.There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing如何翻译？

4.本题答案？

考点9——翻译(一般将来时被动的非谓语)

Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come.

【问题】

1.生词积累

remarkable

speculative fiction

foreshadow

ethical

2.produce怎么翻译更好？

3.that从句缺主语或者宾语是什么从句？

4.to be raised是哪个时态的非谓语形式？作什么成分？

5.yet to come是干嘛滴？

6.整句译文？

考点10——阅读(主被动切换)

Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.

Brain researchers have discovered that the formation of new habits can be _____.

[A]predicted

[B]regulated

[C]traced

[D]guided

【问题】

1.rather than怎么翻译？

2.dismiss oneself as...?

3.unchangeable creatures of habit怎么翻译？

4.instead？

5.什么样的选项需要先读？

6.哪个词可以辅助定位答案？

7.本题选什么？有哪些同义替换？

8.整句翻译？

考点11——阅读(主被动切换)

Upuntil a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely—though by no means uniformly—glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.

Ourvision of the future used to be inspired by ____.

[A]our desire for lives of fulfillment

[B]our faith in science and technology

[C]our awareness of potential risks

[D]our belief in equal opportunity

【问题】

1.破折号是干嘛滴？

2.by no means写作替换哪个词？

3.leading to...是作什么成分？

4.生词积累

vision

uniformly

glowingly

positive

cure

humanity

fulfillment

5.本题选哪个选项？

考点12——翻译(常规倒译式)

The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike.

【问题】

没问题，直接整译文

考点13——翻译(被动 并列 省略)

Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.

【问题】

1.until放开头怎么翻译？是什么从句？

2.两个被动的中文处理：are resolved /// berejected?

3.with it是干什么滴？怎么翻译？it指谁？

4.the only way to solve our problems后面的谓语呢？

5.整句译文？

考点14——翻译(被动搭配)

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors.

The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes.

【问题】

1.两个短语的理解：

be designed to do？

be convinced that...

2.生词：lure

3.两句译文？

考点15——阅读(should)

At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.

Which of the following is shown to be odd?

[A]Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth.

[B]The role of the nobility in modern democracies.

[C]The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.

[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.

【问题】

1.本句when引导的从句是什么类型的从句？

2.所有的时间状语从句when都可以改为_____？

3.生词积累

warn

inequality

inherit

bizarre

aristocratic

symbolic

democratic

adherence

privilege

4.it is bizarre that怎么翻译？

5.本句的should是“应该”吗？

6.本题选哪个？有哪些同义替换

7.全句翻译？

考点16——翻译(may)

In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.

【问题】

1.名词后面又加主谓是什么情况？

2.may be patented怎么翻译？

3.be subject to的理解？

考点17——阅读(弱推测的否定)

If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case,the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign.

Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of _____.

[A]responding effectively to risks

[B]persuading customers into boycotting products

[C]cooperating with supportive consumers

[D]taking advantage of risks

【问题】

1.本题属于阅读什么题型？通用解题方案是？

2.生词积累

passionate

boycott

target

atrisk

response

sufficiently

thoughtful

learning curve

steep

alleviate

recall crisis

well-orchestrated

3.如果答案句看不懂怎么办？

4.may not be sufficiently quick 或许不快吗？

5.什么叫“学习曲线陡峭”？

6.本题答案选哪个？

,