bbc英语六分钟听力：每日听力BBC六分钟-6

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bbc英语六分钟听力：每日听力BBC六分钟-6

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每日听力

每日听力内容来自BBC英语六分钟，版权归BBC所有，仅供学习交流如有侵权也请后台联系。该节目英式英语，每日更新，和实际生活密切相关。每个听力文件6分钟，而且每次都有听力题目，可以用来备考四六级等各种英语考试考试。

听力方法：1. 听3-5遍以上，2. 对照文本听2遍，并查5-10个单词 3. 盲听5遍以上。4. 留言处写下问题的答案。只要你留言，我就给你上墙，留言格式：昵称 天数，e.g 爱酱-Day 4.

The octopus uses its senses of vision and taste like we do. Its large nervous system is a sign of intelligence. Philosopher of science Peter Godfrey-Smith wonders how the octopus - a solitary creature - became so smart. Neil and Catherine chat about this curious animal and teach you six items of vocabulary.

This week's question:

What is the correct plural form of octopus? Is it:a) octopusesb) octopodes /ɒkˈtɒpəʊdɪːz/c) octopiListen to the programme to find out the answer.

Transcript

Note: This is not a word for word transcript

NeilHello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.

CatherineHello. And I'm Catherine.

Neil

Now, Catherine, how do you feel about cephalopods?

Catherine

Er …cephalopods?

Neil

Yeah. You do know what cephalopodsare, don’t you?

CatherineYes, of course I do. It’s a new kind of ipod, isn’t it?

Neil

Not exactly, no. A cephalopodis a kind of sea creature, like a squid or octopus.

Catherine

Oh, cephalopods, yes, of course. I know what acephalopodis.

Neil

Of course you do. Well, today’s programme is all about one of these squishy creatures, the octopus, which apparently is a pretty clever animal. To start, here’s today’s quiz question. What is the correct plural form of octopus? Is it:

a) octopuses

b) octopodes /ɒkˈtɒpəʊdɪːz/

c) octopi

What do you think, Catherine?

CatherineOK. I think this is a trick question. I think people think that it's 'octopi', but it's actually, there's a technical term for it, which is the correct term and that's 'octopodes'. But some people think, like children and stuff, they just put the plural 's' on so they say 'octopuses'. So I'm going for answer b) octopodes.

NeilWow! Listen out for the answer at the end of the programme, just to see how right or wrong you are. Now, apparently the octopus is a remarkably intelligent creature. They have the ability to solve some complex problems and in one famous case one was even able to predict the result of World Cup football matches.

Catherine

Oh yes, that was Paul the octopus. I don't think he was really psychic though. It was just a publicity stuntby the zoo that had him, as a way to promote their zoo.

Neil

It may have been a publicity stunt, but he was actually quite accurate. In fact, he correctly predicted the result of 12 matches out of 14 - that's 86%. Not bad, eh?

CatherineThat's amazing. I didn't know he was that good. Anyway, Neil, tell us more about the octopus.

Neil

Well, I’ll leave that to Peter Godfrey-Smith, philosopher of science and author of Other Minds: The Octopus, the Sea, and the Deep Origins of Consciousness. He is quite a fan of our eight-tentacled friends. On the BBC Radio 4 programme Start the Week he said that humans and the octopus have a common ancestor. This is a term in science which means 'a creature from which both species evolved'. Like a very distant relative. How long ago does he say thiscommon ancestorlived?

Peter Godfrey-Smith

We got the octopus as a very special evolutionary product. It’s an animal that’s removed from us by a lot of evolutionary distance. The common ancestorthat we share with an octopus lived about 600 million years ago or actually even a bit longer than that. But it has a large nervous system in a rangecomparabletovertebrates.

Catherine

So our common ancestorlived about 600 million years ago – or maybe a little bit longer than that.

Neil

And he says that the octopus has a nervous system that is comparable tovertebrates.Comparable means 'similar to', like, andvertebrates is the term for the group of animals that have a spine or backbone. We humans are examples of vertebrates.

CatherineSo what Godfrey-Smith is saying is that the squishy octopus has a nervous system which has some similarities to our own in that it's quite large.

Neil

And a large nervous system is a sign of intelligence. He goes on to talk a bit more about how we might be able to relate to the octopus. He talks about the proteannature of its body.Protean is an adjective which means 'adaptable or changeable', and the octopus's body is certainly that. Why might that be a problem for us?

Peter Godfrey-Smith

The sensory world of an octopus has, in some way it’s recognisable. They’re very visual animals, they’re very taste-oriented animals and those things make sense to us. But the absence of hard parts, the proteannature of the body and the sort of extent of the sensitivity makes it a hard thing to think about.

Catherine

This is interesting, isn’t it? So the octopus uses its senses of vision and taste, like we do, and this is something we can recognise, but what is tricky for us is that its form is so completely different from ours. The octopus isn't a vertebrate so it can change its form and its shape very easily.

Neil

Yes, we’re not used to thinking of soft squishy things having intelligence. And speaking of intelligence, we’ve been very careful not to use the plural of octopus so as not to give away the answer to today’s question which was: what's the correct plural form?

a) octopuses

b) octopodes /ɒkˈtɒpəʊdɪːz/

c) octopi

Catherine, you said…

CatherineWell, I said that some people think it's 'octopuses', a lot of people think it's 'octopi', but the actual answer is 'octopodes'.

NeilAnd you're completely right. Congratulations!

Catherine

Thank you. So let's review today's vocabulary. Cephalopodis the name of the group of animals to which the octopus belongs.

Neil

A publicity stuntis something a company might do to grab your attention and promote its products. Like claiming an octopus can predict the winner of football matches.

Catherine

A common ancestor is a distant relative from which two different species evolved.

Neil

Comparable tomeans 'similar to' andvertebratesare animals that have a spine.

Catherine

And then finally we had protean, this adjective means 'adaptable and changeable'.

NeilTime now for us to say goodbye but remember you can find us on ­­Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube as well as our website, bbclearningenglish.com. So be sure to check us on one, several or all of those before joining us again. Goodbye.

Catherine

Bye!

Vocabulary

cephalopodthe group of animals to which the octopus belongs

publicity stuntsomething a company might do to grab your attention and promote its products

a common ancestora distant relative from which two different species evolved

comparable to

similar to

vertebrates

animals that have a spine

protean

(adjective) adaptable and changeable

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