雅思托福阅读高频话题（雅思托福高分作文必备词汇）

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雅思托福阅读高频话题

Hi.

嗨。

I'm Rebecca from www. engvid. com.

我是来自www.engvid.com网站的Rebecca。

Do you want to get a higher score on your TOEFL, or IELTS, or TOEIC essay?

你想要TOEFL、IELTS和TOEIC论文取得高分吗？

In the next five minutes I'm going to show you how to do this in a really easy way.

接下来的5分钟里，我要告诉大家如何用一种非常简单的方法做到这一点。

You just have to follow two easy steps.

你只需要按照2个简单的步骤即可。

Take your essay question and find the Key words there, and then replace them with synonyms.

把你的论文拿出来，找到关键词，再用同义词替换掉。

Now, that might seem very easy and obvious, but you'd really, really be surprised to know that lots of students don't do that.

这看似是显而易见的，但你真的会由于很多学生不去这么做而感到惊讶。

What they do instead is that throughout their essay they keep using the same words that are used in the essay question.

相反的，他们所做的是在论文中，一直在用相同的词汇。

And if you do that, what you're showing is that you don't have a very good vocabulary, you don't have a rich vocabulary, you don't use. . .

如果你这么做，表明你的词汇储备量不足，你没有丰富的词汇量，你不会使用......

You don't have many synonyms to express the same ideas and thoughts.

你没有太多的同义词来表达相同的观点和想法。

And what you need to do instead is to show off your vocabulary, and the way you can do it is to take the question, find the key words and make sure that you can generate lots of synonyms for those key words, because if you can do that then you'll use all those kind of synonyms throughout your essay instead of repeating the same vocabulary.

相反的，你需要做的是展示出你的词汇量，尽你所能，列出问题，找到关键词，并确保你能联想出大量的同义词来替代这些关键词，因为如果你能做到这一点，你将会在论文中使用到各式各样的同义词来代替重复的、相同的词汇。

Isn't it kind of a shame when you only have maybe 250 words on your IELTS essay or 300 to 350 on your TOEFL essay to keep using the same vocabulary?

你在只有250字的IELTS论文或300到350字的TOEFL论文中重复使用相同的词汇，你难道不惭愧吗？

Don't do that.

别这样做。

Learn to do something a little bit differently.

学着做出一点点的改变。

Let's see how to do it. Okay?

一起来看看该怎么做。好吗？

So I've got a sample question, here, from the TOEFL exam.

我在此跟大家展示TOEFL考试中的一个简单的问题。

A part of the question.

是问题的一部分。

This is. . .

就是......

This says: "Many students choose to attend university outside their home countries."

是这样说的：“好多学生选择去国外上大学。”

Okay?

清楚了么？

And maybe after that they said: "Do you agree or disagree?" or something like that.

之后他们可能还会说：“你同意还是不同意？”或者别的什么。

Okay? Doesn't matter.

清楚了么？这没关系。

So, what are the. . . ?

是什么......？

How do you find the key words?

你如何找到关键词？

Key words are almost any of the important words.

关键词基本上就是所有重要的单词。

For example: "many".

例如：“many（许多）”。

Right?

对吧？

So if you're going to talk about this in your essay and you're going to give your opinion, then you want to use different words.

如果你在论文中谈到这一点，你就要给出你的观点，然后你要使用不同的单词。

So what could you use instead of "many"?

你能用什么词来替代"many"呢？

Well, try to make a list.

试着列个单子。

For example, I made my list: "myriad students", "countless", "an increasing number".

例如，我之前列的单子：“无数的学生”，“不计其数的”，“越来越多的”。

It could be another word, it could be an expression.

可以是另一个单词，也可以一个表达式。

Anything that expresses the basic idea.

任何能表达基本观点的词都行。

And sometimes when you're using a synonym you're expanding on the idea, and that's okay, too.

有时你会使用一个同义词来扩充你的想法，这也没问题。

You're changing the idea a little bit, and that's all right.

一点点的改变你的想法，这就对了。

That's fine.

非常好。

So, that was one of the key words.

这就是关键词之一。

Second key word: "students".

第二个关键词：“学生”。

If they said "students" in the essay question, don't use the word "students" every time in your essay.

如果他们在论文中说“学生”，不要在你的论文中每次都用“学生”这个词。

Use another word, like: "pupils", or "young people", or "scholars".

换一个词，如：“同学”，或者“年轻人”，或者“学者”。

Okay?

懂了吗？

Again, changing the meaning.

一再改变其含义。

"Scholar" is not exactly students, but it's okay to use that word somewhere.

“学者”不单指学生，但在某个位置用这个词也没有问题。

It also shows you have a lot of vocabulary, rich vocabulary.

这还能展现你有庞大的、丰富的词汇量。

Next: "choose to". Right?

下一个：“选择”。对吧？

Instead of saying: ". . . students choose to", what else could you say?

除了说“学生们选择去...”，还能怎么表达？

You could say: "they decide to", "they opt to", "they prefer".

你可以说：“他们决定去”，“他们抉择去”，“他们倾向去”。

All right?

对吧？

So, what I'm suggesting that you do is take some of the essay questions. Right?

我建议你做的就是拿出一些论文。明白了么？

And when you're practicing before the exam, just from the essay questions see if you can generate lots of synonyms for the words used in the essay question.

当你在备考时，从这些论文中看看是否能联想出大量的同义词来，并用在你的论文中。

If you can do that, believe me, you're going to use those words in your essay writing.

如果你能这么做，相信我，你不久将会把这些词用在写论文中。

Let's see how it continues. ". . . to attend", "Many students choose to attend", what could you use instead of "attend"?

再接着往下看。“参加”，“许多学生选择参加”，你会用什么来替代“参加”呢？

You could say: "to join", "to enroll in", "to apply to", "to pursue undergraduate studies" or "pursue graduate studies".

你可以说：“加入”，“参与”，“申请”，“攻读大学本科”或“攻读研究生”。

All right?

清楚了吗？

Again, we're changing the meaning a little bit, but it's the same basic idea. Right?

我们又一次稍加改变，但其基本观点是相同的。对吧？

Because in order to attend you need to enroll, you need to apply, etc.

由于上学的目的，你需要注册，需要申请等等。

"Many students choose to attend university", here's another key word.

“很多学生选择上大学”，这句话还有一个关键词。

Instead of saying "university" 15 times in your essay, you might want to say: "academic centres", or "an academic program", or "institutes of higher learning", or an "educational institution", or "school", "college", "academy".

在你的论文中，为了替换掉重复使用15次的“大学”，你可能想说成：“学术中心”，或者“学业计划”，或“高等教育机构”，或者“教育机构”，还或者“学校”，“大学”，“学院”。

Okay?

懂了么？

Instead of the word "university".

替换掉“大学”这个单词。

Don't keep using the same word.

不要重复使用相同的单词。

Use the same idea, but not necessarily the same word.

保持观点不变，不必非要使用相同的单词。

Next.

继续。

Next part, key part: ". . . outside their home countries".

下一个部分，关键部分：“出国”。

Instead of saying: "outside their home countries", say: "abroad", "overseas", "in a foreign country", "away from their homeland".

替换掉：“出国”，可以说：“国外”，“海外”，“外国”，“境外”。

Right?

对吧？

Now, you don't have to write this sentence again, but what I'm asking you to do is to take the question, find the key words, and see if you can come up with lots of vocabulary for that.

你不必非得再抄写下这句话，但我想让你们做的是挑出这个问题，找到关键词，看看是否能想出大量的词汇来替代它。

In this case, what was the topic?

在这个前提下的主题又是什么呢？

Education. Right?

是教育。对吧？

So this way you'll be able to check whether you have lots of educational vocabulary.

这样你就可以检验出自己是否有大量的教育类词汇了。

Now, I also have some other lessons and videos all about how to generate more vocabulary in certain fields.

我还有一些其它的课程和视频，是关于在某些领域中如何联想出更多的词汇的。

You might want to check out some of those other videos.

你可能想要再浏览下其它视频。

They also have videos about how to use vocabulary besides "good" and "bad". Right?

还有些视频是关于如何使用除了“好”与“坏”以外的词汇的。清楚了吗？

So, do that.

去学习吧。

All right.

好啦。

Sorry, I just realized something here.

抱歉，我刚想起一件事。

"Institutions" wrote it a little too often.

“机构”这个词我写得太多了。

"Institutions", okay?

“机构”，对吧？

That was pointed out.

改过来了。

All right, we're going to do one more example and then we'll go from there.

好啦，我们再来举一个例子，从这里开始。

Now let's look at another essay question.

现在我们来看另一个论文。

Okay?

好吧？

This one also comes from the TOEFL exam, but you can use questions from your IELTS exam if you're going to be appearing for the IELTS.

这也是来自TOEFL考试的，但也可能会在你的IELTS考试中遇到这样的问题如果你正在备考IELTS。

No problem.

没问题。

So, it says: "A person should never make an important decision alone."

是这样说的：“人永远不要独自做出重要决定”。

So, what would be the key words here?

关键词是什么呢？

Okay?

好吧？

So they would be: "person", let's say here: "should never", "important", "decision", and "alone", so that's what we're going to try to find synonyms for.

关键词都有：“人”，“永远不要”，“重要的”，“决定”和“独自”，这就是我们要找的同义词。

"Person", instead of saying "person", you can say: "an individual".

“人”可以替换掉，你可以说：“个体”。

Or sometimes when you have something like this what you can do is turn it into the plural.

有时候，当你使用这样的词汇时，你能做的就是把它变成复数。

Right?

清楚了吗？

That will also make it much easier for you to write throughout your essay.

还会让你在写论文时变得更加容易。

Because when you say "a person", then you sometimes have to say: "himself", "herself", "oneself".

因为当你说“人”的时候，你有时就必须得用到：“他自己”，“她自己”，“自己”。

Instead of that, you can say: "people" and you just say "themselves" and you don't have to give it a gender. Okay?

除了这样，你可以说：“人”，你只需要说“他们”，而不必指出性别。懂了吗？

Next: "A person should never", so you could say instead of "never", you could say: "at no time".

接下来：“人永远不要”，你可以把“永远”换掉，说成：“任何时候都不”。

Okay? ". . . make an important", instead of "important", you could use words like: "critical", "crucial", "significant".

清楚了吗？“做一个重要的”，把“重要”替换掉，用类似于：“关键的”，“至关重要的”，“有意义的”这类单词。

The point is not that I'm giving you these words.

重点不是我给大家提供的这些单词。

The point is whether you can think of these words. Right?

重点是你是否也能联想到这些单词。对吧？

These are some words that I thought about.

这只是一些我能想到的单词。

If you. . .

如果你......

When you try this exercise cannot come up with even, let's say at least two words, maybe three, ideally three, but at least two words for every key word in the essay question, then you're probably going to have difficulty writing your essay with enough interesting vocabulary, so it means you need to work on vocabulary.

当你在尝试这些练习时，甚至连2个同义词都想不出来，或许想出3个，最好是3个，但你论文中的每个关键词都至少要有2个，然后你才可能在论文中进行更复杂的书写，用足够有趣的词汇，这意味着你需要在词汇量上下功夫。

Next: "decision", you could say: "life choice", "selection", "determination".

接下来：“决定”，你可以说：“人生选择”，“抉择”，“决心”。

And at different points in your essay use a different term.

在论文的不同位置使用不同的术语。

Right?

清楚了吗？

"Alone", instead of saying "alone", you could say: "by oneself", "on one's own", "by themselves".

“独自”，替代这个词，你可以说：“一个人”，“自己”，“他们自己”。

All right?

懂了么？

If you said: "People.

如果你说：“人。

People should never. . .

人永远不要......

At no time should people make significant life choices by themselves."

人永远不要独自做出重要的人生抉择。

Okay?

懂了么？

Of course, you don't have to write the question in your own words, but in fact throughout your essay you are going to be arguing a particular point of view for which you will need these kinds of vocabulary words.

当然，你不必用自己的词汇写下这个问题，但实际上你在论文中想要探讨一个特定的观点时，你将会需要这类词汇。

Now, if you want more tips on doing well on your TOEFL exam or on your IELTS exam, if you're doing TOEFL, check out our website: www. goodluckTOEFL. com; if you're doing IELTS, check out www. goodluckIELTS. com.

如果你想要在TOEFL或IELTS考试方面更多的提示，如果你正在备考TOEFL，请浏览网站www.goodluckTOEFL.com；如果你正在备考IELTS，请点击www.goodluckIELTS.com。

And on both. . .

这两个......

In both of these websites you'll find not only tips, but also vocabulary that you can use on these tests and you'll also have lots of essay questions which you can use so that you can do this exercise for yourself; and model essays where you'll see good vocabulary, interesting, varied vocabulary, advanced vocabulary being used in actual sentences.

在这两个网站中，你将不仅能看到小提示，还有你在考试中会用到的词汇，你还会在后续的许多论文中用到它你能自己做一些练习；在范文中你会看到很好的词汇，在实际造句中使用的有趣的、多样的、高级词汇。

Okay?

懂了吗？

So, also, if you want to do a quiz on this, go to our website at www. engvid. com.

还有，如果你想在这方面做一些小测验，请登录网站www.engvid.com。

And all the best with your essay.

祝你的论文一切顺利。

You can do it.

你能做到的。

Lots of ways to do it.

有很多方法能做到这一点。

Check out some other videos also that talk about ways you can do well, but this is definitely one way, by improving your vocabulary.

再看看其它视频，聊一聊你改善的方法，但是当然只有一个办法，那就是扩充你的词汇量。

All the best to you.

祝你万事如意。