宾语从句使用说明（宾语从句使用的）

宾语从句是指一个句子在复合句中作主句的宾语，它是使用最广泛的复合句之一，它也是中考的经常考查的知识点之一。宾语从句的使用主要注意五点：

考点一 注意正确使用引导词

宾语从句的引导词的使用，分为以下三种情况：

（1）如果用一个陈述句来充当主句的宾语，则由that 引导（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）。如：

He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.他说他想见校长。

She said (that ) she would leave a message on his desk.她说她将在他的桌上留个便条。

Mr Wu said (that) he was interested in taking photos.吴先生说他对摄影很感兴趣。

（2） 如果用一个特殊疑问句来充当主句的宾语，则由连接代词who, whom, whose ,what, which或连接副词when, where, why, how引导。如：

I don’t know where he is from.我不知道他来自何方。

The children didn’t know who Father Christmas is.孩子们不知道谁是圣诞老人。

He asked me why I was late for the meeting.他问我为什么迟到。

Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?你能告诉我去火车站的路怎么走。

（3）.如果用一个一般疑问句来充当主句的宾语，则由连词if或whether引导。如：

She asked me if she could borrow these books.她问我她能否借这些书。

Could you tell me if there are any good museums in Newtown?你能告诉我新镇是否有一些好的博物馆吗？

I am not sure if he will come to my birthday party. 我不太确信他是否会参加我的生日聚会。

考点二 注意正确使用时态

当主句谓语动词是一般现在时时，从句可以根据实际情况使用相应的时态；当主句是一般过去时时，从句根据实际情况用过去时态的某一种。

He says that he has finished his homework.他说他已经完成家庭作业了。

Mr Li asks him why he was late yesterday.李先生问他昨天为什么迟到。

Jenny told me that she had been to France twice.珍妮告诉我她到巴黎去过两次。

Henry told me that he was sleeping at that time.亨利告诉我那时他正在睡觉。

【注意】

当从句陈述的是客观真理或自然现象时，通常用一般现在时。请注意体会：

Our geography teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.我们地理老师告诉我光传播的速度比声快。

Mr. Smith said that there are four months in a year.史密斯先生说一年有四季。

考点三 注意正确使用语序

特殊疑问句或一般疑问句用来做主句的宾语的时候，必须把原来的疑问语序变为主谓语序（陈述语序）。请注意理解：

Do you like English ? He asked.

＝＞ He asked if you liked English.

When will he be back? I don’t know.

＝＞I don’t know when he will he back.

How can I get to the supermarket? Could you tell me?

＝＞Could you tell me how I can get to the supermarket?

考点四 注意否定转移

当主句谓语动词为think ,suppose ,believe, guess等词时，并且主语是第一人称时，从句的否定词应该转移到主句谓语动词上来。例如“

I don’t believe that he will come next week.我相信他下星期不会来。

I don’t think it’s going to rain tomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨。

考点五 注意与不定式的相互转换

特殊疑问句充当宾语的宾语从句可以转化为复合不定式短语即疑问词加不定式，在句中作及物动词的宾语。如：

1.Could you please tell me how I can get to the train station?

=Could you please tell me how to get to the train station?你能告诉我怎么样去火车站吗？

2.We haven’t decided when we will leave.

=We haven’t decided when to leave.我们还没有决定何时动身。

3．I don’t know what I am going to talk about.

=I don’t know what to talk about.我不知道谈论什么。