高考英语必背单词以e开头（高考英语核心词汇）

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1. observe v. 看到；注意到；观察；注视；遵守；庆祝

( 1) He has been making an exact _____________(observe) of the phenomenon.

( 2) He was observed ___________ (steal) money.

【答案】(1) observation (2) to steal

( 3) Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ______ the traditional customs.

A. perform B. possess C. observe D. support

【答案】答案 C解析：句意：许多中国人尽管在国外居住了许多年，仍奉行传统的习俗。observe“遵守；奉行”，符合句意。

( 4) People in other parts of the world have been _____ Christmas for many centuries.

A. observing B. attending C. spending D. enjoying

【答案】答案 A解析：observe“遵守；奉行；庆祝”。题意：许多世纪以来，世界其他地区的人也过圣诞节。attend“出席，参加”；spend“度过”；enjoy“享受”。

2. occasion n. 时刻，时节

( 1) Occasions are quite rare ________I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

【答案】when

( 2) I saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and on that _____ he was simply brilliant.

A. scene B. circumstance C. occasion D. situation

【答案】答案C解析：on that occasion“在那个时候”，为固定短语。

( 3) I sometimes have ______ to visit Birmingham on business.

A. opportunity B. occasion C. chance D. possibility

【答案】答案 B解析：occasion“时机；机会”，含有原因的意思，符合题意。opportunity“良机，机会”，指某一特定时机，有利于做某事以实现某种抱负与愿望等；chance“机会，运气”，指无法解释的天意或命运所安排的时机，强调偶然性；possibility“可能性”。

3. occupy v. 使用，占用；使忙于；忙着

( 1) One of my childhood _________(occupy) was collecting stamps.

( 2) She is fully occupied ______ looking after three small children.她忙于照料三个小孩儿。

【答案】(1) occupations ((2)in

( 3) ______ herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend to her children.

A. Occupying B. Occupied C. Being occupied D. To be occupied

【答案】答案 A解析：occupy oneself with / in doing sth.“忙于（做）某事”，在句中occupy与主语she之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。

( 4) Mary can’t afford the film as she is _____ a translation of an English novel.

A. busy in B. absorbed to C. occupied with D. devoted by

【答案】答案 C解析：be occupied with “忙于……”。be busy with, be absorbed in, be devoted to都可意为“从事于；忙于”，注意正确搭配。

4. otherwise ad. 否则；不然；除此以外；在其他方面

( 1) We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we _____ him.

A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned

C. would telephone D. had telephoned

【答案】答案 A解析：该句错综时间条件句，即从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据表示的时间来调整。

( 2) He is a little self-conceited, but he is _____ quite suitable for the post.

A. especially B. somewhat C. diplomatically D. otherwise

【答案】答案D解析：本题考查otherwise的一词多义。题意为：他虽有点自负，但从其他方面来看这个工作倒是挺合适的。

5. oppose v. 反对

( 1) His daughter is very athletic as _________(oppose) to his son, who is cleverer.

【答案】opposed

( 2) During the discussion, many members were ______ my proposal, which upset me greatly.

A. objecting B. objected to C. opposing D. opposed to

【答案】答案D解析：be opposed to“反对……”，固定短语。

( 3) The committee is totally opposed _____any changes being made in the plans.

A. of B. on C. to D. against

【答案】答案 C解析：句意：委员会一致反对对该计划的任何变动。be opposed to意为“反抗，对抗”。另外，oppose可作及物动词后跟宾语，如：oppose sth.。

6. occur v. 出现；发生；被想到

( 1) This is a common _____________(occur).

【答案】occurance

( 2) —Why are you so late?

—I was halfway when it ______ to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.

A. occurred B. hit C. happened D. reminded

【答案】答案A解析：it occurred to sb. that…意为“某人突然想起……”，为固定句型。

3) It never _____ to me that a top student like her should have failed in the exam.

A. happened B. appeared C. sounded D. occurred

【答案】答案D解析：考查固定句型it occurred to sb. that…“某人想起……”。

7. operate v. 运转；工作；动手术

( 1) When does this new law come into operation (operate)?

【答案】

( 2) The doctor said that the patient had _____ at once, which made us all worried.

A. to operate B. to be operated C. operated D. to be operated on

【答案】答案 D解析：sb. be operated on“某人正在被动手术”，on不能省去。

( 3) They have discussed for two years of drafting a new law to control the pollution but when it will be put _____ is still unknown.

A. into operation B. in effect C. to use D. to practice

【答案】答案 A解析：句意：他们为指定控制污染的新法规已讨论了两年，但是何时实施却仍是个未知数。put into operation“实施；实行”，为固定短语。

8. offer v. 主动提出；提供 n. 出价

( 1) They decided to offer the job _________Joe.他们决定让乔做这项工作。

【答案】to

( 2) She was complaining that the doctor was _____ too much for the treatment he was giving her.

A. expending B. offering C. costing D. charging

【答案】答案 D解析：句意：她在抱怨，医生向她要的医疗费太高了。charge意为“收费，要价”，构成短语charge … for…“因……(向某人)收费”。

( 3) She ______ her mother do some housework.

A. offered helping B. offered help C. offered to help D. offer

【答案】答案 C解析：offer to do…“主动提出做……”，固定短语。

9. owe v. 欠（债）；归因于；归功于

( 1) _______(owe) to the rain, the match was cancelled.

【答案】Owing

( 2) He is a successful businessman; he _____ his success more to luck than to ability.

A. attaches B. adapts C. owes D. fastens

【答案】答案 C解析：owe success to“把成功归功于……”。

( 3) I owed $20 _____ Bob and _____ him soon.

A. to; paid B. for; paid C. for; repaid D. to; repaid

【答案】答案 D解析：owe some money to sb.“欠某人钱”；repay“偿还”。

10. opposite a. 对面的；另一边的；相反的 n. 对立的人（物）；反面

( 1) He smiled and sat down ______________(在……对面) her.

【答案】opposite to

( 2) The army put up a strong _____ to the enemy.

A. opposite B. attack C. resistance D. defense

【答案】答案 C解析：句意：部队顽强抵抗了敌人的进攻。resistance“抵制；抵抗”，符合句意。opposite“对立；相反”；attack“进攻”；defense“防御”，均不合题意。

( 3) He and I are the opposite ______ one another.

A. to B. of C. at D. for

【答案】答案 B解析：opposite作“对立面，反义词”时，常跟介词to。

11．on the other hand 另一方面；反过来说

（1）Food here is cheaper than that in Britain，but clothing，________________ (另一方面)，is dearer.

(2) I don’t want to go to the supermarket. For one thing，I have no time；__________ (再则)，I have no money.

【答案】(1) on the other hand (2) for another

（3）I would like a job which pays more，but I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

A．in other words B．on the other hand

C．for the thing D．as a matter of fact

【答案】答案　B

解析　句意为：……，但是另一方面，我喜欢我目前正在做的工作。on the other hand另一方面。

12．only to do... 不料……，反而……，结果却……

(1)The man hurriedly returned home，_______________ (结果发现)he had left his key in the office.

(2)He picked up a stone，_________________ on his own foot. 他搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。

【答案】（1） only to find （2）only to have it dropped

(3)He hurried to the booking office，only that all the tickets had been sold out.

A．to tell B．to be told

C．telling D．told

【答案】答案　B

解析　由句意可知，此处应是“结果被告知”；only to do...作结果状语，由于he和tell之间为动宾关系，故选B项。

(4)The driver turned his car sharply to the left to give the way to the running bull，only a tree by the road.

A．to knock into B．knocking down

C．to knock at D．knocked over

【答案】答案　A

解析　only to do...表示一种“意想不到的结果”，故该句应用不定式。knock into...撞到……上。　　　　　　　　　　　　　

13．on the increase不断增加，正在增大中

(1)The number of traffic accidents seems to be ______the increase.

(2) The output increased ______over 200 percent.产量增长了两倍多。

(3)The total number has been increased ______ 2,000.总数量增加到了2 000。

【答案】（1）on （2） by （3）to

(4)The new law has come into effect，and number of wild animals here is on increase now.

A．the；the B．a；the C．the；/ D．a；/

【答案】答案　A

解析　句意为：新法律生效了，这一地区野生动物的数目现在在增加。the number of ……的数量；on the increase在增加。

(5)—As the living standard is improving，more and more people choose to travel during their holidays.

—No wonder the number of travel agencies is .

A．on the decrease B．on the increase

C．in the rise D．on the fall

【答案】答案　B

解析　根据上文“more and more people choose to travel during their holidays”可推测旅行社的数量应该是不断增加。on the decrease表示“在减少”，只有B符合。on the increase表示“在增长”。

14．on doing...一……就……

(1) A:________________，he was arrested by the police.

B: ________________at the airport, he was arrested by the police.

【答案】A: On/Upon his arrival at the airport B: On / Upon his arriving

(2) his return to school，he went directly to his office and began to work.

A．In B．At C．On D．For

【答案】答案　C

解析　句意为：他一回到学校……。on＋名词“一……就……”。

(3) on my computer，I found an e­mail from my penfriend， me to spend the summer holiday in his city.

A．On turning；invited

B．On turning；inviting

C．When having turned；to invite

D．After having turned；inviting

【答案】答案　B

解析　第一空为on＋doing...结构，意为：一……就……；第二空为动词­ing形式作非限制性定语，和e­mail构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

15．owe...to...把……归功于……

(1) A: He owed me a lot of money.

B: He ______ a lot of money ______ me.

【答案】owed ; to

(2) I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.

(3)I a debt of gratitude to his family so I’ll do my best to help them whenever they are in trouble.

A．borrow B．lend

C．owe D．give

【答案】答案　C

解析　句意为：我感激他一家人，无论他们什么时候遇到麻烦，我都将尽力帮忙。owe欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……，符合题意。borrow借入；lend借出；give给予。

(4)She owes her success good luck rather than ability.

A．to；and B．of；to

C．to；in D．to；to

【答案】答案　D

解析　owe sth.to...把……归功于……。句意为：她把自己的成功归功于幸运而不是能力。

16．on behalf of代表……

(1)A: The president can’t be here today，so I’m going to speak on behalf of him.

B: The president can’t be here today，so I’m going to speak _________________ .

【答案】on his behalf

(2) of my government I have the honour to make to you the following communications.

A．On account B．In terms

C．On behalf D．In place

【答案】答案　C

解析　on behalf of代表；on account of因为；in terms of根据；从……方面来说；in place of代替。句意为：我荣幸地代表我国政府向你转达如下信息。

(3) everyone here，I’d like to thank our special guest for his entertaining speech.

A．In case of B．In favor of

C．Instead of D．On behalf of

【答案】答案　D

解析　由句意可知，此处应是“代表所有在场的人，我想……”；on behalf of代表，符合句意。

17．on the contrary正相反；反之

(1) ____________(与……相反) the doctor’s advice，he went swimming.

(2)This view is contrary _____ the aims of critical social research for a number of reasons.

(3)The evidence ____________(相反的) is overwhelming.

【答案】(1)Contrary to (2) to (3)to the contrary

(4)Classical music achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create， to popular belief that it is too complex.

A．subject B．contrary

C．familiar D．similar

【答案】答案　B

解析　句意为：古典音乐追求的是只有天才才能创造的简易美，而不是人们普遍认为的复杂化。contrary to与……相反。

(5)—The trip must have been terrible，wasn’t it?

—No. ，I enjoyed every minute.

A．On the other hand

B．At one time

C．At the same time

D．On the contrary

【答案】答案　D

解析　on the contrary相反地。答句句意为：——不，恰恰相反，我非常喜欢。

18．out of breath上气不接下气

(1) This medicine is _____________(过期).

(2)The Ford went _______________ (失去控制) and crashed over the cliff.

(3)Fred entered without knocking and，very ________________(喘不过气来)，sank into a chair.

【答案】(1) out of date (2) out of control (3)out of breath

(4)When he hurried to the railway station，tired and ，Mike found the train had just left.

A．out of sight B．out of reach

C．out of place D．out of breath

【答案】答案　D

解析　句意为：当迈克上气不接下气地赶到火车站时，他发现火车刚开走。out of breath上气不接下气。

(5)The Internet supplies us with a lot of information，but some of the information is out of and not useful any more. (2010·咸宁模拟)

A．date B．control

C．order D．mind

【答案】答案　A

解析　out of date过时的；out of control失去控制；out of order坏了，出故障了；out of mind不想。句意为：互联网给我们提供了大量的信息，但是很多是过时的信息，不再有用。

19．out of the question不可能的；不值得讨论的

(1)A new bicycle is_______________—we can’t afford it.

(2)His honesty is ____________(毋庸置疑).

(3)There is no question _________ our dismissing you.

【答案】(1) out of the question (2) out of question (3)of

(4)It is known to us that without passport，travelling abroad is out of question.

A．a；the B．/；/ C．the；a D．the；/

【答案】答案　A

解析　句意为：大家都知道，没有护照是无法到国外旅行的。out of the question不可能。

(5)I’d like to travel with you，but with so much work left unfinished，it seems .

A．out of question

B．without question

C．out of the question

D．beyond question

【答案】答案　C

解析　句意为：我想跟你一起去旅游，可有这么多工作未完成，看来我是不可能同你去的。out of the question不可能；out of question没问题；without question毫无疑问；beyond question毋庸置疑。

20．One such 名词 一个这样的……

（1）They are _______ lovely boys _______ we all like them. 他们是这样可爱的孩子，以致于我们大家都喜欢他们。

(2) ____________________(一张这样的桌子) is enough.

(3)He is___________________. 他就是这么一个人

【答案】(1) such ; that (2) One such table (3)such a man

（4） dictionary is enough because we can look up all we need in it.(2011·扬州调研)

A．One such a B．One such

C．Such one D．A such

【答案】答案　B

解析　“one such＋可数名词的单数形式”为固定用法。

（5）They are so tiring and I haven’t met people before.

A．such many B．many so

C．many such D．much such

【答案】答案　C

解析　many＋such＋可数名词复数，为习惯用法。

21．on one’s own独立地；靠自己的力量(其强调形式为all on one’s own)

（1）A:That’s my own camera.

B: That’s a camera_________________.

【答案】of my own

（2）To everyone’s surprise，Tom finished his papers .

A．of his own B．on his own

C．his own D．own

【答案】答案　B

解析　句意为：令大家惊奇的是，Tom独自完成了他的论文。

（3）I’d like to have a car .

A．of my own B．on my own

C．my own D．own

【答案】答案　A

解析　a car of my own我自己的车。

22．on purpose故意地

（1）He broke the glass ________ purpose not ________ accident.

(2) I wouldn’t go shopping _____________________(为了……) buying a pair of socks.

【答案】(1) on ; by (2) for the mere purpose of

（3）I came here for nothing else but to see you .

A．on purpose B．by accident

C．for the purpose D．to the purpose

【答案】答案　A

解析　句意为：我到这里来，是专门来看你的。on purpose特意地。

（4）—Did you break the cup ？

—No.Accidentally.

A．on purpose B．to the purpose

C．with the purpose D．for the purpose

【答案】答案　A

解析　on purpose故意地。

,