人教版八年级下册英语短语考点（人教版八年级英语下册5）

UNIT 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、 重点短语

go off ，闹钟，发出响声

pick up捡起..,接电话

fall asleep 睡熟,入睡

dye down 逐渐发弱

have a look看一看

make one’s way 前往

take down记下,拆除

at first首先

in silence沉默无声

on the street 在街上

at the bus stop 在公交站点

wait for ..等待

walk home 走回家

at the time of 在..的时候

take a hot shower 洗热水澡

rain heavily 倾盆大雨

miss the bus 没有赶上车

last night 昨晚

at that time 在那个时候

help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人

strong winds 强风

black clouds 乌云

in the neighborhood 在附近

make sure 确信

begin to do sth.…开始做某事

play a card game 玩纸牌

it’s hard to do sth.…做某事很困难

have fun玩的开心

beat against 抵御..

wake up醒来

in a mess杂乱

clean up打扫

break apart 分裂

other things 其他的事情

each other互相

in times of 在..时刻

take photos拍照

turn on打开

the car wash 洗车庖

right away 立刻

a car accident 车祸

because of 由于

heavy snow大雪

in bad shape 发形

by the side of the road 在路旁

walk by路过

go to sp.去某地

the news of ..…的新闻

in history在历史上

for example 例如

on this way 在路上

on the radio 在广播中

the rest of 剩余的

remember doing sth.记得做过某事

look out 向外看,当心

be shocked 震惊

have a trouble (in) doing 做某事很麻烦

point out 指出

as well也

call out 喊出

stop doing 停止做某事

二、重点句型:

1.—What was he doing when the rainstorm came?

当暴风雨来的时候他在做什么？

--He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.

暴风雨来的时候他正在图书馆读书。

2. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping? 琳达在睡觉的时候珍妮正在做什举？

3.-- What was Ben doing when it began to rain heavily?

当天开始下雨的时候本正在做什举?

--When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.

当天开始下雨的时候本正在帮助妈妈做晚飡。

4. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.

在那之后我很难清晰地想起来了,因为我太害怕了。

5. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.

人们通常记得当他们听到历史上重大事件的消息时自己在作什么。

三、重点语法:

1. 过去进行时的用法

(1)结构: was/ were doing

(2)用法:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生的动作。

*go, come, leave, start等动词的过去进行时表示根据安排在过去某一时刻即将发生或不久要发生的动作,相当于过去将来时。

e.g. They were having a class this time yesterday.

He said his parents were going to America soon.

2. when 和while引寻的时间状语仍句

(1) when “当…..的时候”：

用法:a. 可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和非延续性动词连用。

b. 特点:主句从句可以互换

c. 主从句动作都发生在过去的时间,如果两个动作有时间交点,哪个动作先发生哪个使用过去进行时;

d.主从动作都还未发生,使用动词的时态为“主将从现”

(2) while “当……时候”

用法:a. 和延续性动词连用

b. 特点:主句动作和从句动作可以同时使用进行时态

c. 通常情况下,while后面的动词使用过去进行时,主句使用一般过去时

Exercises：

单选题→

1. –Where were you when I called?

--I _____ on the bed.

A. lied B. was lying C. lay D. was lieling

2. Steve _____ TV in the living room when his mother came in.

A. was watching B. watching C. is watching

3. He _____ newspaper when the earthquake happened in Japan.

A. was looking through

B. looked through

C. had looked through

4. –Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now?

--Certainly. In the principal’s office. They ______ happily at that time.

A. are talking B. have talked C. were talking

5. I was writing a letter _____ she was making a telephone call.

A. while B. when C. before

根据汉语意思完成句子：

1. 上星期六9点我在做作业。

I ________ _______ _______ _______ at nine o’clock last Saturday morning.

2. 当托尼在玩电脑游戏的时候,汤姆在看杂志。

Tom was reading the magazine while Tony _____ ______ computer games. 3. 我昨天晚上回来时,妈妈正在厨房做飡

When I came back yesterday evening, my mother _______ _____ ______ ______ _______.

4. 他们过几天就动身去伦敦了。

They ______ ______ ______ London a few days later.

5. 那时她没有在看电视。

She _______ ______ _______ at that moment.

四、重点知识:

1. rain heavily 下大雨

heavy/hard rain 大雨;

light rain 小雨; fine rain 毛毛细雨

2.pick up (名词作宾语可以放在up前面戒后面,代词作宾语,叧能放在up前面 )

(1) 接电话

e.g. The phone is ringing. Could you please pick it up for me?

(2)拾起来;捡起

e.g. Your pen is lying on the floor. Please pick it up.

(3)(开车)接某人

e.g. I will pick you up at the station.

(4)振作精神;站起来

e.g. It’s hard to pick yourself up after such a terrible shock.

3. be/feel strange to….对…感到陌生/新奇

e.g. It feels strange to be visiting the place again after all these years.

4. (1)no 单数名词=not a/an 单数名词

e.g. There is no book on the desk.= There is not a book on the desk.

(2)no 不可数名词=not any 不可数名词

e.g. There is no water there.= There is not any water there.

(3)no 可数名词复数=not any 可数名词复数

e.g. I have no pens.= I don’t have any pens.

5.wood u.n.木头; woods n.树林,小树林; wooden adj. 木制的(作定语)

6.beat和win：

(1) beat 打败,战胜。后接比赛、战斗、辩论等的对手，人或集体。

e.g. I can beat you at swimming.

(2) win 打败;赢;战胜。后接(比赛、战斗、辩论、奖品、钱等)事或物。

e.g. Who do you think can win the volleyball match in the end?

7. (1)be against 反对

e.g. People are usually against smoking in public.

(2) play against sb.不与某人比赛

8. (1) fall asleep 进入梦乡;睡着

(2) sleep 延续性动词 “睡觉”; 名词 “睡眠”

e.g. He slept for 2 hours.

He had a long sleep.

(3)be asleep 睡着 强调状态

(4) fall asleep 睡着,入睡 表示动作的过程,侧重于无意识地入睡

(5) get to sleep睡着,入眠 强调进入睡眠状态,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句

(6) go to be 上床睡觉 强调睡的动作, 不一定睡着。一般来说,go to bed在前,然后才是go/get to sleep或fall asleep

9.(1)happen to do sth. 碰巧发生/做某事=It happens that

e.g. I happened to have no money with me that day.

= It happened that I had not money with me that day.

(2) happen to sb./sth. …发生在某人身上/某事上

e.g. What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up?

10. silence和quiet：

(1) silence 主要指人“沉默,不出声”, 但不一定无活动

e.g. He looked at the boy in silence for some minutes.

(2)quiet 安静的;宁静的 指人时表示生性安静,不易激动,用于自然环境时,指没有干扰活动

e.g. She is a quiet girl.

11. (1) remember to do sth.记得要去做某事(事情还未做)

(2) remember doing 记得做过某事(事情已做过)

12.real, true, truth：

(1) real adj. 真的,挃客观上存在,并非想象戒虚构的,它是不“假冒的”相对耄言的

e.g. Let’s give him some real English food to eat.

(2)true 指故事,说法,答案等不标准、事实、实际情况相符合,意为“真的,真实的”,不“编造的;虚假的”相对,在句中作定语或表语。

e.g. It is true that she married that doctor.

(3)truth 名词 ：指事物的真相或事实

e.g. He can’t hide the truth.

13. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某件事很困难/费劲=have problems / difficulty (in)doing sth.

e.g. I have some trouble in reading her handwriting.

I have no difficulty in learning English well.

14. point to 指向 (所指物体较近)； point at 指向(所指物体较近)

15.also, as well, too, either：

(1) also 常用于肯定句的动前系后

(2) as well (前面无逗号)用于肯定句句末

(3) too 用于肯定句、疑问句句尾

(4) either 用于否定句句尾

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.一、重点短语：

turn A into B 把A转成B

once upon a time 以前

fall in love 陷入爱河

get married 结婚

instead of 代替

a little bit 一点

move the mountain 移山

continue to do sth. 继续做某事

send sb. to do sth. 派某人去做某事

take away 拿走,带走

think about 考虑

think of 想起

a good way 好办法

solve problem 解决问题

give up 放弃

neither of 两者都不

be able to 能够

most of A （A中的绝大部分）

for the first time 第一次

main character 主要人物

in fact 事实上,实际上

look like 看起来像…

a magic stick 紧箍棒

at other times 在其他时候,有时候

as soon as 一…就

come out 播出

more than 多于

be/become(半系动词)

interested in 对…感兴趣

the weak 弱势群体

different animals 不同的动物

make his magic stick small or large 使他的紧箍棒或大或小

finish doing sth. 完成某事

take a long time 花很长一段时间。

walk to the other side 走向另一旁

hide one’s tail 隐藏尾巳

have no time to do sth.没时间做某事

make a dress 做违衣裙

all over the world 全世界

sound stupid 听起来愚蠢

make special cloth 做特殊的衣服

in the forest 在森林里

make a plan 做计划

in the moonlight 在月光下

along the way 沿着…走

on the ground 在操场上

find out 找出

get lost 丢失

something bad 不好的事情

the next day 第二天

the voice of sb. 某人的声音

remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事

remind sb. that…提醒某人……

remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做某事

二、重点句型:

1.An old man tried to move the mountains.有位老人试图移动大山。

2. –Why was Yu Gong trying to move the mountain? 愚公为什么试图移动大山。

–Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other.

因为这些山太大了,走到另一边需要花费太长的时间。

3. Why can’t the Monkey King turn himself into a person?

为什么美猴王不能把自己变成人？

4.He can’t turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail.

如果他不能隐藏他的尾巴,就不能变成人。

5.As soon as the prince saw her, he fell in love with her.

王子一看到她的时候,就深深爱上了她了。

6.The new couple were so happy that they couldn’t stop smiling when they got married.

当这对新人结婚的时候,他们太高兴了,笑个不停。

7.The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die.

妻子告评丈夫,他如果不把孩子留在树林里死去,他全家都将会死。

8.What a long time you slept in the forest! 你在森林里睡得时间可真长!

三、重点语法:

1. unless的用法

unless除非;如果不 引导条件状语仍句,相当于if…not。

unless引导的条件状语：

如果主句为将来时/祈使句/含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时。

e.g. Unless he studies hard, he will never pass the exam.=If he doesn’t study hard, he will never pass the exam.

Unless I am mistaken, I’ve seen that man before.= If I am not mistaken, I’ve seen that man before.

2. as soon as 的用法：

as soon as…一…就… 复吅句的时态要求是

如果动作都未发生,使用“主将仍现”

e.g. I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.

如果动作在过去,使用“主过从完成”→

e.g. As soon as he had got into the car, he said good morning to me in French.

3. so…that的句式分析：

so adj. / adv. that…（如此…以至于….）， 引导结果状语从句。

e.g. She is so young that she can’t go to school.

与too…to转换：

e.g. She is so young that she can’t go to school.= She is too young to go to school.

*当主句主语和仍句主语不同时,要转换为too…for sb. to do..的结构→

e.g. The box is so heavy that he can’t lift it. = The box is too heavy for him to lift.

(2)与enough to的转换：

e.g. Alice is so old that she can go to school.

= Alice is old enough to go to school.

*当主句主语和从句主语不同时,要转换为 enough for sb. to do..的结构

The box is so light that the child can lift it.

= The box is light enough for the child to lift.

4. 感叹句：

感叹句并不难, what, how放句前;

强调部分要弄清, 它在叹词“啊”字前;

强调名词用what, 其余用how很简单;

为了简洁要明忋,主谓省略也常见。

句型结构: What a/ an adj. 可数名词单数 主语 谓语!

e.g. What a heavy box it is!

What adj. 不可数名词/ 可数名词复数 主语 谓语!

e.g. What cold water it is!

What clever boys they are!

What 名词 主语 谓语! （表示不高兴或不好的意思。）

How adj./ adv. 主语 谓语!

e.g. How high the bird flies!

How beautiful the flowers are!

Exerciese:

1. You’ll succeed finally_____ you give up halfway.

A. if B. unless C. even though

2. –When shall we begin our trip?

–We’ll set out ____ our head teacher arrives.

A. as soon as B. ever since C. so that D. even though

3. He was ____ crazy about rock music ____ he almost spent all his free time listening to it.

A. too..to B. so, that C. both, and

4. –We will fail the exam ___ we study hard.

–That’s why we are trying our best to prepare for the exam.

A. until B. when C. unless D. how

5.–Did you catch the early bus this morning?

--Yes. The bus started to move _____ I got on it.

A. though B. before C. as soon as D. as if

6. The book is _____ interesting _____ I can’t put it down.

A. so, that B. such; that C. too, to D. very, that

7. The nurse won’t leave her patients______ she’s sure they are all taken good care of.

A. unless B. because C. since D. if

8. –Could you please give the magazine to Mario?

--Sure. I’ll give it to him _____ I see him.

A. as many as B. as much as C. as often as D. as soon as

9. They spoke _____ quietly _____ I could hardly hear them.

A. such; that B. so, that C. neither, nor D. both, and

10. –Will you help me with the trouble?

–I won’t do _____ you tell me the truth.

A. if B. unless C. since

四、重点知识点：

1. the adj.表示一类人,作主语谓语动词用复数; the adj. 表示一类事物,作主语谓语动词用单数

e.g. The old are taken good care of in the hospital.

The new isn’t all good.

2. can’t stop doing sth. = can’t help doing sth. 忍不住/情不自禁去做某事

e.g. When I heard the bad news, I couldn’t help crying.

3. 复合不定代词的用法:(1)作主语谓语动词用单数; (2) 定语后置; (3)不能和of连用

4. leave sb. to do sth. 留下/让某人去作某事

e.g. Don’t leave the children to play in the river by themselves.

5. hear (1) hear of 听说

(2) hear from…=receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信

(3) hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事，听到了结果，

(4)hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在作某事，听到了过程，

e.g. I hear them talking next door.

I heard her sing the song yesterday.

6. be made of 看得出的原材料;

be made from 看不出的原材料。

be made by 执行人;

be made in 产地;

be made up of 由…组成/构成

7.(1)remind sb. that 提醒某人….

e.g. We reminded him that the meeting had been post poned.

(2) remind sb. of sth. 使某人回想起或意识到某事

e.g. Yellow flowers of rape always remind me of my childhood in the countryside.

(3) remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做某事

e.g. Please remind her to take the medicine on time.

8. a bit, a little, a little bit：

(1) 三者在口语中修饰形容词、副词时一般可以互用。但是a little bit比其他两个表示的程度稍微弱一点。

(2)a bit 修饰名词时必须加of, a little 可直接修饰名词。二者修饰不可数名词

(3) a little bit 有点儿,稍微 修饰形容词。

e.g. It’s a little bit hot today.

9. foolish, silly, stupid：

(1) foolish 侧重指缺乏智慧的人的“愚蠢”。

eg. He is a foolish man to throw away such a chance.

(2) silly 意为“愚蠢的; 傻的”,及言行上远背常理而显得愚蠢可笑(未必真笨)。

e.g. I feel silly in this dress.

(3) stupid 特指脑子笨。

e.g. How could you be so stupid? 10. become/be/ get interested in 对…..感兴趣

11. fall in love with… 爱上(sb./ sth.) ; 喜欢上… 不可不表示时间段的短语连用

e.g. After working together for many years, they fell in love with each other.

She fell in love with that house as soon as she saw it.

12. fit和suit：

(1)fit 适合某人; 合某人的身，及衣服、鞋等在尺寸、大小上的合适。

e.g. Your coat fits well.

(2) suit 适合(指衣服、鞋等在颜色、款式、外观、身材、口味等方面适合某人,也可以及发型适合某人)

13. health和fit：

(1) healthy 既可以作表语也可以作定语。

e.g. My grandfather has a healthy lifestyle.

(2)fit 只作表语,不可以作定语

e.g. Do you feel fit?

14. can’t stop doing sth. = can’t help doing sth. 忍不住/情不自禁去做某事

e.g. When I heard the bad news, I couldn’t help crying.

15. couple的用法：

(1)强调一对夫妇这个整体时,做单数名词用;

e.g. An old couple from Shanghai is moving in our apartment.

(2)强调夫妻二人时,视为复数。

e.g. The young couple are quarrelling with each other.

16. marry, be married, get married：

(1) marry vt. 后接表示人的词 表示“和…结婚”, 即marry sb. marry…to…表示将…嫁给…。 marry 还可以表示“主持…的婚礼; 为….证婚”

(2) be married和get married 都表示“结婚;已婚”。当表示结婚已经一段时间时不用get married/ marry(非延续性动词), 要用be married

牢记：

(1) marry sb娶某人，嫁给某人

(2) be / get married to sb.与某人结婚，嫁给某人

(3) be / get married已婚（状态）

(4) marry one’s daughter to sb. 把女儿嫁给某人

例如：

She got married to one of her classmates. 她嫁给了她的一位同学。

They got married last week. 他们上周结婚了。

She married her daughter to a write. 她把女儿嫁给了一位作家。

John is going to marry Miss Lin.

约翰准备娶林小姐。

Miss Lin is going to marry John.

林小姐准备嫁给约翰。

注意不能说： marry with sb. 或be married with sb.

2. marry也用作不及物动词，表示“结婚”。例如：

She married young. 她结婚早。

He married late in life. 他结婚很晚。

She married not for love. 她并不是因为爱情而结婚的。

3. marry是非延续性动词，不可同表示一段时间的状语连用，但be married表示的是状态，可以同一段时间状语连用。

They have married for twenty years. (误)

They have been married for twenty years. (正)

It is twenty years since they married. （正）

提示：

(1)问某人“婚否”，要说：Are you married? / Is she married? 等。

(2) “未婚”可说：be single

(3) 问何时结婚：When did you get married? / When were you married?

17.(1) cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人某物

(2) cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗取某人做某事

18.当主语部分含有with, together with, as well as, besides, except, but, like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。

e.g. He as well as I wants to go boating.

19.whole, all：

all 和 whole 在意思上近似，有时可以表达相同的意思，下面说说这两个词的区别。

（1）. whole 通常只修改单数可数名词，而all通常修饰不可数名词或者复数可数名词。

I haven't told him the whole story to this day. 我迄今仍未给他讲完整个故事。

There are two copies of all data files. 所有数据文件都有两份备份。

It can also gather together all information relevant to a function. 它也能收集与某个功能相关所有信息。 (这里information 为不可数名词，所以不能用whole。)

all 还可以修饰表示时间的单数可数名词，用于表示整段时间。

all (the) year / the whole year 整年

all (the) summer / the whole summer　整个夏天

注：

1) hour和 century 之前一般用whole而不用 all， 如：

I waited for a whole hour. 我等了整整一个钟头。

For a whole century, there has not been a single murderer among them.

在整整一百年中，他们之中从没出过一个杀人犯。”

2) 如果whole前有表示数量的词，则名词要用复数。

The preparation will take up three whole months. 准备需要三整月的时间。

（2）. 在次序上，all位于冠词、基数词、物主代词等限定词之前；而whole位于这些词之后。

He had to throw up his whole plan. 他不得不放弃整个计划。

All his troubles seemed to happen together. 他的麻烦事似乎都同时发生了。

The whole process normally takes less than an hour. 全程一般只需不到1小时的时间。

It is necessary to be able to control all the details of the program. 控制程序中的所有细节是必要的。

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