宾语从句经典难点（宾语从句小结）

一由引导词引导[心]。

引导词分that，特殊疑问句( Wh~), if/whether.

1 [微风]that引导陈述意义的宾语从句。(that只是引导词，没词义，不充当任何句法成分)。

如 He told me that he was coming by train.他告诉我，他坐火车来了。

2[微风]特殊疑问词: 引导特殊疑问意义的宾语从句wh~词。

what, who,whom,which；

whose,which,what,how many ＋名词；

how(old,long,often,far, soon)。

why, when/what time,where.

特殊疑问词既有词义,又在宾语从句充当句法成分。

3[微风]whether/if引导一般疑问意义的宾语从句。whether还可以引导选择疑问意义的宾语从句。

He asked me if/whether I had read the book.

He asked me whether I liked art or sports.

二 宾语从句采取陈述句语序[心]:

He asked me what I was doing.

三宾语从句的时态呼应问题[心]:

1[微风]主句谓语动词为过去时(一般过去，过去进行，过去完成)，宾语从句的动词时态要向后推移一个时态，把第一动词变成过去式；已经是过去式变成had done.

2[微风]下列情况不需要时态呼应。

(1)宾语从句表客观事实，普遍真理，一般现在时不变。

如 The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.

(2)从句中有具体的过去时间店。一般过去时不变。

如 He told me that he left school in 1998。

(3)宾语从句中有过去时态的时间状语从句。

如He told me that he was watering the garden when it began to rain.

(4) were/was born 不变。

(5)宾语从句中的情态助词

没有过去式或已经是过去式。

should, would, could,had better.

[微风]must的过去式用had to 替代。

如 He told us that we should work hard.

He told us that we had better get here on time.