联合国关于粮食问题论述（世界粮食日联合国呼吁建立更好的农业食品体系）

每年的10月16日是世界粮食日（World Food Day）。今年世界粮食日的主题是“行动造就未来更好生产、更好营养、更好环境、更好生活。”

联合国粮食及农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations）成立于1945年10月16日。1979年11月在第20届联合国大会上，将每年的10月16日定为世界粮食日，从1981年起施行。

联合国粮农组织总干事屈冬玉博士表示“今年的世界粮食日，世界正处于关键时刻。”他呼吁每个人都争做粮食英雄，奋勇争先，推动粮食生产、加工、贮藏、流通和消费环节实现转型。

Refugee and host community farmers sort through maize at Makpandu refugee camp in South Sudan, January 2021. /UNHCR

United Nations (UN) agencies have called for improved global agri-food systems to deliver sustainable food security and nutrition for all amid setbacks in eliminating hunger ahead of the World Food Day on Saturday.

Globally, up to 811 million people are undernourished and three billion cannot afford a healthy diet, said the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Conflict, displacement, economic shocks, climate crises, and the COVID-19 pandemic continue to drive food insecurity, which hits the world's most vulnerable people the hardest, warned the FAO along with the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and the World Food Programme (WFP).

The three UN agencies have called for scaled-up investments in local food systems for forcibly displaced people and host communities.

"Food security and nutrition in forcibly displaced populations, particularly refugees, is of urgent concern," said Sajjad Malik, the UNHCR's Director of the Division of Resilience and Solutions. "We need to collectively ensure humanitarian needs are met while supporting local government to build inclusive, healthy food systems."

The converging forces of rising poverty, inequality, climate change, conflict, and the COVID-19 pandemic are leading to an alarming exacerbation of the malnutrition crisis worldwide, said the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF), which called for more efforts to stem child malnutrition.

There was a dramatic worsening of world hunger in 2020, much of which was attributed to the fallout of COVID-19, according to the UN's "The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World" report in July, warning a "critical juncture."

The FAO estimates that as much as $40 to $50 billion in annual investments on targeted interventions are needed to end hunger by 2030.

The WFP is also warning that without urgent action to address the climate crisis, the number of people going hungry will rise exponentially.

"Conflict and climate stresses are destroying lives, crops, and livelihoods and undermining people's ability to feed themselves," said Annalisa Conte, WFP Director of Geneva Global Office. "Tragically, the climate crisis is set to be a catalyst for further conflict over competition for resources. What we see now is only the beginning."

Speaking at the opening celebrations of this year's World Food Day, FAO Director-General Qu Dongyu called for the transformation of agri-food systems to make them more efficient, more resilient, more transparent, and more sustainable.

The world's agri-food systems currently employ one billion people, more than any other sector. They are responsible for more than 33 percent of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, according to the FAO.

The theme of this year's World Food Day, which falls on October 16 (to mark the founding of FAO), is "Our actions are our future. Better production, better nutrition, a better environment, and a better life."