八年级上册英语第2单元单词词性(27个词汇逐词解读)

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.Section B,下面我们就来聊聊关于八年级上册英语第2单元单词词性?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!

八年级上册英语第2单元单词词性(27个词汇逐词解读)

八年级上册英语第2单元单词词性

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

Section B

  1. talented ["tæləntɪd] adj. 有才能

的;有才干的

talent→talented

①talented adj.

比较级、最高级:more/most talented

可作表语、定语。

He is talented. 他很有才能。

He is a talented man.

他是个有天赋的人。

◆be talented in n./pron./doing

在某方面有天赋/才能

He is talented in music.

他在音乐方面很有天赋。

He is talented in playing the piano.

他弹钢琴很有天赋。

② talent un.& cn. pl. talents

◆ with talent 才华横溢;有天赋

He is a man with musical talent.

他是一个有音乐天赋的人。

◆have (a) talent for 有…天赋

He has (a) talent for music.

他有音乐天赋。

◆talent show(s) 才艺表演

show cn. 展示

We need some more actors for

the school talent show.

我们学校才艺展示还需要几位演员。

◆show one's talent(s)展示才艺

Parents love to watch their children

show their talents on stage.

父母喜欢看他们的孩子在舞台上展示

他们的才华。

2.truly ["truːli] adv. 真正;确实

true→truly

real→really

【辨析】truly&really

①truly adv. 真实地;真正地;真诚地

强调真实情况或真心实意。

I'm truly sorry for what I said.

我真的为我说的话感到抱歉。

He is a truly good man.

他真的是个好人。

You must speak truly. 你必须说实话。

I am truly thankful for your help.

我实在感谢你的帮助。

Yours truly 您的忠实的(信函末尾签名

前之敬语)

②really adv. 实际上;事实上;真正

地;真实地

表示一种语气,强调与事实不相违背,

甚至较前 更严重。多强调形容词或副

词。

It's a really interesting film.

这是一部非常有趣的电影。

He isn't really angry. 他不是真生气.

I really want to work in Beijing.

我真的很想在北京工作。

It's really nice of you to help me.

你帮我真是太好了。

【辨析】real & true

①true adj. 真实的;真正的;符合事

实的

true adj.→truly adv.→truth n. →

truthful adj.

◆反义词:false

◆ true强调符合事实,不是编造的。

如某事实、故事、消息、信息、朋

友、爱情、证人等。

◆可作表语、定语

You know that's true .

你知道那是真的。

That's a true story.

那是一个真实的故事。

What's true friendship?

什么是真正的友谊?

It's true that Tom has gone to

Beijing.

汤姆去北京了,这是真的。

Tom has gone to Beijing.Is it true?

汤姆去北京了,是真的吗?

Let me tell you a true story about

a real man.

我来给你们讲一个真人真事。

He who does not reach the Great

Wall is not a true man.(谚语)

不到长城非好汉。

◆true 还可表示“正确的”,反义词是

false。 real没有这种用法。

The sentence is true.

这个句子是正确的。

◆ come true 实现

His dream has come true.

他的梦想实现了。

You'll make your dream come true.

你会梦想成真的。

②real adj.→really adv.

强调sb./sth真实存在,不是想象的,

虚构的。如实例、实物、实情、实

况…

It wasn't a dream. It was real.

那不是梦。是真的。

Do you know his real name?

你知道他的真名吗?

The man-made flowers look like

real ones.

这些人造花看上去像真的一样。

The real criminal is him, not me.

真正的罪犯是他,不是我。

◆ real & true常可互用。

a real/true friend 真正的朋友

a real/true test 真正的考试

the real/true reason真实的原因

3.care [keə] [ker] v. 在意;担忧;关

care→careful→carefully→careless

①care v. 在意;担忧;关心

I don't care. 我不在乎。

I don't really care if your idea is the

same as mine.

我真的不在乎你的想法是否和我的

一样。

◆care about 关心;在意

She doesn't care about anybody else

at all. 她一点也不关心别人。

He doesn't care about money.

他不看重钱。

I don't care about the matter.

我对这事毫不介意。

Don't you care about the future of

your country?

难道你不担心你们国家的未来吗?

【拓展】care for 照顾,照料;喜欢

His mother cared for him day and

night. 他母亲日夜照料他。

◆care for表“喜欢”之意,常用于否

定句。

I don't care for riding a bike to

school. 我不喜欢骑自行车上学。

②care n.在意;担忧;关心

care center 救护中心

take care 小心

take care to do小心做某事

take care not to do小心别做某事

take care of/care for/look after 照顾

4.laugh [lɑːf] [læf] v.笑;发笑 n.笑声

① laugh v. 笑;发笑

We all laughed after hearing the

joke. 听了这个笑话,我们都笑了。

◆make sb. laugh

He always makes us all laugh a lot.

他总是让我们大家开怀大笑。

②laugh v. 嘲笑

◆ laugh at sb./sth 嘲笑

Don't laugh at others.不要嘲笑别人。

③laugh n.笑;笑声

We all laughed when we heard

his laugh.

听到他的笑声,我们都笑了。

◆with a laugh/laughs 笑着

He told me the news with a laugh.

他笑着告诉我这个消息。

【拓展】laugh和laughter

①laugh既是动词,意为 "大笑",又

是可数名 词,意为 "笑;笑声"。侧重

指行为,既可表示笑 声,也可表示引人

发笑的事或人。

He answered the question with

a laugh.

他笑着回答了这个问题。 

Making a snowman is a good laugh.

堆雪人是一件有趣的事情。

②laughter 仅用作不可数名词,指

“笑,笑声”, 侧重于指笑的状态,

具有抽象或概括意义。

The room was full of laughter and

happiness.

房间里充满了欢声笑语。  

5.serious ["sɪəriəs] ["sɪriəs] adj. 严肃

的;稳重的

比较级、最高级:more/most serious

He is a serious teacher.

他是个严肃的老师。

I'm more serious than most kids.

我比大多数孩子都稳重。

He is less serious than me.

他没有我稳重。

【拓展】 serious adj. 还有“认真的;

严重的”之意,其副词为seriously。

◆nothing serious 不严重

There's nothing serious,but you'd

better get some rest.

没有什么大不了的,但是你最好休息

休息。

How serious the matter is!

问题是多么严重啊!

◆be serious about 对……认真

You should be more serious about

your work.

你应该更加认真地对待你的工作。

◆seriously=badly=terribly 严重地

be seriously/badly/terribly ill.

病得严重

be seriously/badly/terribly hurt

伤得厉害

He was seriously ill last week.

上周他病得很演奏。

6.mirror ["mɪrə(r)] n. 镜子

mirror cn. pl. mirrors

◆ look at oneself in a mirror 照镜子

A good friend is like a mirror.

好朋友就像一面镜子。

7.kid [kɪd] n. 小孩;年轻人

kid cn. pl. kids

【拓展】kid v. 开玩笑;欺骗

kid kids kidding kidded kidded

You're kidding.你骗人!

8. as long as 只要;既然

as long as同if(如果)一样,引导条件

状语从句。在条件状语从句中,要用

一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将

从现。

as long as 从句

As long as you don't give up,

you'll succeed.

只要你不放弃,你就会成功。

9.necessary ["nesəsəri] ["nesəseri]

adj. 必需的;必要的

①It's necessary (for sb.) to do sth.

it为形式主语,真正主语为to do sth.

引导不定式逻辑主语的介词只用for,

不可用to。

It's necessary for him to learn to

drive.

对他来说,学开车是必要的。

It's not necessary to be the same.

没有必要是一样的。

② necessary for/to 对…有必要

其后介词用to 或 for均可。

Sleep is necessary to /for our health.

睡眠对我们的健康是必不可少的。

③可与 if, when等连词构成省略句(省

略了it is)。

If necessary, you can ring me .

如果必要,你可以给我打电话。

Tell him all about it when necessary.

在必须的时候把一切都告诉他。

10. be different from 与…不同;

与…有差异

词形变化:difference n.→different

adj. → differently adv.

different adj. 不同的;差异的;各式

各样的

①作定语

They have two different answers.

他们有两个不同的答案。

Different countries have different

eating habits.

不同的国家有不同的饮食习惯。

◆different kinds of 复数名词

不同种类的‥‥‥

different kinds of foods/toys/trees

注意:different 后面名词的单复数形式:

The twins study in different schools.

这对双胞胎在不同的学校学习。

Tom goes to a different school.

汤姆去了另一所学校。

②作表语

◆be different from 与…不同;

与…有差异

反义词:be the same as … 和…相同

Your bike is quite different from his.

你的自行车和他的差异很大。

The picture on the wall is different

from that on your desk.

墙上的画和从你桌上的那个不一样。

◆ look different from

看上去和…不同

look the same as 看上去和…一样

【拓展】

① difference cn. 不同点;差别

pl. differences

There are two differences between the two pictures.

这两幅图画有两处不同。

◆make a big/great difference

产生影响;起作用;有不同

◆ make a difference to sb./sth.

对……有影响

Making friends made a big

difference to my life.

交友对我的一生影响很大。

What a difference a day makes!

一天变化有多大啊!

②differently adv. 不同地;有差异地

feel differently 感觉不同

think differently 想得不一样

discribe …differently 描述得不一样

answer the question differently

回答问题不一样

◆也可以和from连用。

He thought very differently from

you.他和你的想法很不一样。

11.bring out 使显现;使表现出

①bring out 取出

动副短语。

bring it/them out把它/它们拿出来

bring out the book

=bring the book out把书拿出来

②bring out 使显现;使表现出

◆bring out the best/worst in sb.

把某人最好 (或最坏)的一面表现或显

露出来

The difficulty brings out the best

in her.

困难使她显露出最好的一面。

He is good at bringing out the best

in him to his pupils.

他善于把自己最好的一面展现给学生。

【辨析】bring&take

① bring [brɪŋ]v.带来;取来

反义词:take

bring brings bringing brought

brought

bring指从别处将某人/某物带到说话

人所在地。 由远→至近

◆ bring…to… 把…拿到…来

◆ bring…here 把…拿到这儿来

◆ bring…home把…带到家里来

◆ bring …back 把…带回来;使想

起…

He brought all the books to my

office.

他把所有的书带到我办公室里来了。

Please bring your English book

here tomorrow.

明天请把你的英语书带来。

② take 带走,拿走

take takes taking took taken

指把某人/某物从说话人所在地带走。

由近→至远

◆take …to…把…带到…去

◆take…there把…带到那儿去

◆take…home把…带回家(去)

His mother often takes him to the

museum on Sunday.

周日他妈妈经常带他去博物馆。

12.grade [greɪd] n. 成绩等级;评分

等级

①Grade cn. 年级 pl. grades

◆in Grade 8在八年级

She is in Class 2, Grade 8.

她在八年级二班。

She is an eighth grade student.

她是一名八年级学生。

②grade cn. 成绩等级;评分等级

pl. grades

◆get good grades取得好成绩

I always get better grades than

he does. 我的成绩总是比他好。

◆have good grades in 学科

He has good grades in English.

他英语成绩很好。

13.should [ʃʊd] [ʃəd] modal v. 应

该;应当;可以

①情态动词should后接动词原形,没

有人称和数的变化。

②should的否定式:

should not=shouldn't 不应当;不应该

③should的用法,用以表达:

◆询问对方的意愿

Should I open the window?

我应该打开窗户吗?

◆表示职责或义务

He should finish the work on time.

他应该按时完成这项工作。

◆表示劝告或建议

You should be careful next time.

下次你应该小心。

You should stop talking.你应该戒烟。

◆表示命令或要求

You shouldn't talk in class.

你不许在课堂上讲话。

◆表示预测或可能

He should be in the classroom.

他应该在教室里。

④should的基本句式:

◆肯定句:主语 should V原 ….

◆否定句:主语 should not V原 ….

◆一般疑问句:Should 主语 V原

…?

肯定回答:

Yes, 主语(人称代词) should.

否定回答:

No,主语(人称代词) shouldn't.

You shouldn't smoke in the

reading room.

你不应该在阅览室抽烟。

Should I go there right now?

我应该马上去那里吗?

—Yes, you should.

— No, you shouldn't.

【拓展】情态动词should 通常用来表

示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作

“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和

be supposed to 互换使用。

You should arrive at 7:00.

=You are supposed to arrive at 7:00.

你们应该七点钟到。

14.the same as 和…相同;与…一致

◆same前永远加the。

◆be the same as 和…相同;与…

一致

be different from与…不同;与…有差异

be similar to与……相似

◆同义句

My bike is the same as yours.

=I have the same bike as you.

My bike is not the same as yours.

=My bike is different from yours.

【拓展】

◆the same n. as

He is the same age as me/I (am).

=He is as old as me/I(am).

=He and I are the same age

他和我同龄。

15.saying ["seɪɪŋ] n. 谚语;格言;

警句

say→saying

saying cn. pl. sayings

◆an old saying老话;古话

In China we have an old saying:

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

中国有句古话:患难见真情。

◆As the saying goes俗话说(像俗

话所说的)

注意goes的用法。

As the saying goes, "Failure is the

mother of success."

俗话说:“失败是成功之母。”

16.reach [riːtʃ] v. 伸手;到达;抵达

①reach v. 伸手

She stood on the chair so that she

could reach the shelf.

她站在椅子上,以便能够到架子。

He reached into his pocket to get

his car keys.

他把手伸进口袋里拿车钥匙。

◆reach for your hand 伸手帮忙;随

叫随到

◆reach out for sth. 伸手去拿;身手

去够

②reach v. 到达;抵达

reach 某地(n./adv. )到达某地(地

点不分大小)

reach后接表地点的名词、副词,都

不加介词。

reach Beijing/home/the station

到达北京/到家/到车站

We reached the nearest railway

station last night.

我们昨天晚上到达最近的火车站。

【拓展1】arrive [ə'raɪv]v.到达

① arrive at n.(小地点:车站、学校、

公园、银行、电影院等)

arrive in n.(大地点:国家、省、城

市等)

He will arrive in Beijing next

Monday.他下周一到达北京。

We arrived at the village on time.

我们按时到达了那个村庄。

◆只能用at:

arrive at home/the meeting/the

cinema到家/到会/到达电影院

◆ 还有些地点名词前要用on:

arrive on the farm/the island/the

moon/the top of the hill

到达农场/岛/月球/山顶

◆ arrive 后接地点副词here,there,

home,somewhere时,不加介词

at/in。

arrive here/there/home

到这儿/到那儿/到家

arrive somewhere cool

到达凉爽的地方

◆ arrive late for (强调动作晚)

= be late for (强调状态晚)

做某事迟到

Don’t arrive late for school.

=Don’t be late for school.

上学不要迟到。

【拓展2】

① get to n. 到达某地(地点不分大小)

get to Beijing/the park

到达北京/公园

◆ 后接地点副词here,there,

home,somewhere时,不加介词to。

get here/there/home/somewhere

cool

到这儿/到那儿/到家/到达凉爽的地方

注意:当“到达”后不接地点时,多

用arrive。

When did you arrive?

你什么时候到的?

Please call me when you arrive.

当你到了时,给我打电话。

17.hand [hænd] n. 手

hand cn. pl. hands

◆reach for your hand 伸手帮忙;随

叫随到

◆ in one's hand(s)在手中

What's that in his hand?

他手里是什么?

◆ by hand手工;用手工

He made a birthday cake by hand.

他亲手做了一个生日蛋糕。

◆with one's hand(s)用手

with one's left (right)hand用左(右)手

◆ give sb.a hand =help sb.帮助某人

◆ a green hand新手;生手

She is a green hand in teaching

English. 在英语教学中她还是个生手。

【拓展】

hand in 上交

hand out 分发

都为动副短语。

18.touch [tʌtʃ] v. 感动;触摸

touch touches touching touched

touched

①touch v. 感动

◆touch one's heart 感动某人;触动

某人的心弦

His story touched our hearts.

他的故事深深打动了我们的心。

◆touch me deeply It has touched

me deeply to see how these people

live.

我看到这些人如何生活而深受感动。

【拓展】 touched adj. 受感动

touching adj. 令人感动的

◆be touched by 被…感动

=be moved by

I was deeply touched by his story.

=I was deeply moved by his story.

他的故事深深地打动了我。

The teacher told us a

moving/touching story.

老师给我们讲了一个感人的故事。

②touch v. 触摸

Don't touch the things.

别动这些东西。

③touch un. 接触;联系

This kind of robots has a sense of

touch. 这种机器人有触觉。

◆ keep in touch with sb.

与…保持联系

◆ get in touch with sb. 与…取得联系

They keep in touch with me.

他们和我保持联系。

19.heart [hɑː(r)t] n. 内心;心脏

①heart n. 内心

◆touch one's heart 感动某人;触动

某人的心弦

◆ in one's heart 在某人心中

He will live in our heart forever!

他将会永远活在我们心中!

◆ learn…by heart牢记;熟记;背诵

Try to learn them by heart.

努力把它们记住。

Nothing is difficult if you put your

heart into it.

世上无难事,只怕有心人。

②heart cn. 心脏

pl. hearts

My heart is beating very quickly.

我的心跳得很快。

◆heart trouble 心脏病

I've got heart trouble, but it's

nothing serious.

我的心脏有问题,但不严重。

20.fact [fækt] n. 现实;事实

fact cn. pl. facts

I have known many history facts.

我知道很多历史事实。

◆The fact is that…. 事实是……

The fact is that he doesn't have

enough money.

事实是,他没有足够的钱。

◆in fact 确切地说;事实上;实际上

固定短语,多用于句首。

In fact, he has nothing.

事实上,他一无所有。

21.break [breɪk] v. (broke [brəʊk])

(使) 破;裂;碎;损坏

break breaks breaking broke broken

①break vi. 折断;破碎

His arm broke.

②break vt. 使破;裂;碎;损坏

Take care not to break my glasses.

小心别把我的眼镜打碎了.

I broke my arm last week.

③break vt. 违背;违反

◆break the rule(s) 违反规定,违反

纪律

He broke the school rules.

他违反了校规。

④break vt. 打破(记录)

◆break the record 打破纪录

He broke the Olympic 100 meters

record.

他打破了奥运会100米记录。

⑤ break down (机器)坏了;出故障

同义句:

His bike broke down.

=His bike was broken.

=His bike didn't work.

=There was something wrong with

his bike.

=Something was wrong with his bike.

他的自行车坏了。

【拓展】break cn. 间歇;休息时间

(尤指工作期间)

◆without a break不间断

She's worked for 20 hours without

a break.

她已经不间断地工作了二十个小时.

◆have/take a break

have/take breaks 休息

22.arm [ɑːm] n. 手臂;上肢

arm cn. pl. arms

in one's arms 怀抱

The mother is carrying a baby in

her arms. 这位母亲怀抱婴儿。

23.share [ʃeə] , [ʃer] v. 分享,共享;

共用;分摊

You should learn to share.

你应该学会分享。

They have to share an office.

他们必须合用一间办公室。

We can talk about and share

everything.

我们可以谈论和分享一切。

◆share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物

He shared a desk with his brother.

他和弟弟共用一张书桌。

I like sharing my happiness with

you. 我喜欢和你分享我的快乐。

24.loud [laʊd] adj. 响亮的;大声的

【辨析】loud;loudly;aloud

aloud, loudly用作副词;loud既可作副

词,也可作形容词。

(一)loud 的用法

①loud adj. 大声地

The music is too loud.

这音乐声音太大了。

◆in a loud voice 大声地

in a low voice 低声地,小声地

Tom is speaking in a loud voice.

汤姆正大声说话。

②loud adv. 响亮地;高声地

◆loud置于talk, speak, shout, laugh,

sing等动词之后,在口语中代替 loudly。

◆在动词后面loud比loudly更常用些。

他们的反义词是: quietly。

◆在用于比较级或最高级时,通常用

loud而不用loudly。

Could you please speak louder?

请你大点声讲话好吗?

Who laughed loudest?

谁笑得声音最大?

Facts speak louder than words.

事实胜于雄辩。

(二) loudly adv.喧闹地;大声地;响

亮地含“喧闹”之意,常与knock,

ring连用。

Suddenly the bell on the wall

rang loudly.

墙上的铃突然大声得响起来。

(三) aloud adv.出声地;大声地

◆ aloud与read, think连用时,表示

“出声地”

read aloud 朗读

read the text aloud 朗读课文

think aloud自言自语地说

◆置于call,shout,cry之后,表示“大

声地”。

call/shout/cry aloud

She called aloud for help.

她大声呼救。

25.similar ["sɪmələ(r)] adj. 相像的;

类似的

①be similar to 与…相像的;与…

类似的

一般用于相似的物品的对比上,也用

于人之间。

I'm similar to her.我和她相似。

​My bike is similar to yours.

我的自行车和你的相似。

② take after(外貌或行为) 像

指行为、外貌、性格等相像。

主要用于有血缘关系的人之间。

You take after your mother.

你长得像你的妈妈。

③look like 看起来像……

◆只指外表相似,可用来表达take

after的意思。

◆不管有没有血缘关系的人都适用。

可用于人也可用于物。

The man looks like our English

teacher.

那个人看起来像我们的英语老师。

You take after your mother.

=You look like your mother.

It looks like rain now.

现在看上去要下雨了。

④ be like 像……一样

用于各方面的相像:性格、外貌、品

德、天气……

What's she like?她是什么样的人?

What's the weather like today?

今天天气怎么样?

26.primary ["praɪməri], ["praɪmeri]

adj. 最 初的,最早的

◆primary school 小学

◆in/at primary school 上小学

Tom is in/at primary school.

◆in a primary school

My sister teaches in a primary school.

我姐姐在一所小学教书。

◆a primary school student

Tom is a primary school student.

【拓展】

high school 中学

middle school 中学;初中

junior high school初中

senior high school 高中

27rmation [ˌɪnfə(r)"meɪʃn] n. 

信息;消息

information un. 信息;消息

◆a piece of information一条消息

some information一些信息

What useful information!

多么有用的信息!

◆ personal information个人信息

◆ get much information on/from

the Internet

从因特网上获取许多信息

◆ call sb. at 电话号码for more

information

打电话给某人获取更多信息

【拓展1】news un. 新闻;消息;音信

news 常被误认为可数名词,实际上是

不可数名词。

a piece of news 一条新闻/消息

some news 一些新闻/消息

There's some big news in today's

newspaper.

今天的报纸上有一些重大新闻。

◆listen to the news 听广播新闻

◆watch the news看电视新闻

◆No news is good news.

没有消息就是好消息。

◆ good news /bad news 好消息/坏消

◆big news重大新闻

◆sad news令人伤心的消息

◆news of/about有关…的新闻/消息/

音信

Do you have any news of/about

your brother? 你有你哥的音信吗?

◆tell someone the news

告诉某人消息

◆hear the news听到消息(或新闻)

◆latest news最新消息(或新闻)

◆spread the news散布消息

【拓展2】message cn.消息;(书面或

口头的)信息

pl. messages

some messages一些信息/信息

◆ take a message for sb.

为某人捎口信,传话

Tom isn’t here. Can I take a

message for him?

汤姆不在,我可以为他捎口信吗?

◆ leave a message(for sb.) 留口信

He left a message for his mother.

他给他母亲留了口信。

◆ give sb. a message 捎信给某人

=give a message to sb.

You can give him a message.

=You can give a message to him.

Tara ["tɑːrə], ["tærə] 塔拉(女名)

Sam [sæm] 萨姆(男名)

Nelly ["nelɪ] 内莉(女名)

Larry ["lærɪ] 拉里(男名)

,

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