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数据库mysql基本知识(深入理解r2dbc在mysql中的使用)

更多 时间:2022-01-17 01:31:24 类别:数据库 浏览量:610

数据库mysql基本知识

深入理解r2dbc在mysql中的使用

简介

mysql应该是我们在日常工作中使用到的一个非常普遍的数据库,虽然mysql现在是oracle公司的,但是它是开源的,市场占有率还是非常高的。

今天我们将会介绍r2dbc在mysql中的使用。

r2dbc-mysql的maven依赖

要想使用r2dbc-mysql,我们需要添加如下的maven依赖:

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  • <dependency>
  •   <groupId>dev.miku</groupId>
  •   <artifactId>r2dbc-mysql</artifactId>
  •   <version>0.8.2.RELEASE</version>
  • </dependency>
  • 当然,如果你想使用snapshot版本的话,可以这样:

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  • <dependency>
  •   <groupId>dev.miku</groupId>
  •   <artifactId>r2dbc-mysql</artifactId>
  •   <version>${r2dbc-mysql.version}.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
  • </dependency>
  •  
  • <repository>
  •   <id>sonatype-snapshots</id>
  •   <name>SonaType Snapshots</name>
  •   <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
  •   <snapshots>
  •     <enabled>true</enabled>
  •   </snapshots>
  • </repository>
  • 创建connectionFactory

    创建connectionFactory的代码实际上使用的r2dbc的标准接口,所以和之前讲到的h2的创建代码基本上是一样的:

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  • // Notice: the query string must be URL encoded
  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(
  •   "r2dbcs:mysql://root:database-password-in-here@127.0.0.1:3306/r2dbc?" +
  •   "zeroDate=use_round&" +
  •   "sslMode=verify_identity&" +
  •   "useServerPrepareStatement=true&" +
  •   "tlsVersion=TLSv1.3%2CTLSv1.2%2CTLSv1.1&" +
  •   "sslCa=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fca.pem&" +
  •   "sslKey=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fclient-key.pem&" +
  •   "sslCert=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fclient-cert.pem&" +
  •   "sslKeyPassword=key-pem-password-in-here"
  • )
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  • // Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
  • Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
  • 不同的是ConnectionFactories传入的参数不同。

    我们也支持unix domain socket的格式:

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  • // Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get("r2dbc:mysql://root@unix?unixSocket=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql.sock")
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  • Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
  • 同样的,我们也支持从ConnectionFactoryOptions中创建ConnectionFactory:

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  • ConnectionFactoryOptions options = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
  •   .option(DRIVER, "mysql")
  •   .option(HOST, "127.0.0.1")
  •   .option(USER, "root")
  •   .option(PORT, 3306) // optional, default 3306
  •   .option(PASSWORD, "database-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password
  •   .option(DATABASE, "r2dbc") // optional, default null, null means not specifying the database
  •   .option(CONNECT_TIMEOUT, Duration.ofSeconds(3)) // optional, default null, null means no timeout
  •   .option(SSL, true) // optional, default sslMode is "preferred", it will be ignore if sslMode is set
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslMode"), "verify_identity") // optional, default "preferred"
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslCa"), "/path/to/mysql/ca.pem") // required when sslMode is verify_ca or verify_identity, default null, null means has no server CA cert
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslCert"), "/path/to/mysql/client-cert.pem") // optional, default null, null means has no client cert
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslKey"), "/path/to/mysql/client-key.pem") // optional, default null, null means has no client key
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslKeyPassword"), "key-pem-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password for client key (i.e. "sslKey")
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("tlsVersion"), "TLSv1.3,TLSv1.2,TLSv1.1") // optional, default is auto-selected by the server
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslHostnameVerifier"), "com.example.demo.MyVerifier") // optional, default is null, null means use standard verifier
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("sslContextBuilderCustomizer"), "com.example.demo.MyCustomizer") // optional, default is no-op customizer
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("zeroDate"), "use_null") // optional, default "use_null"
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("useServerPrepareStatement"), true) // optional, default false
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("tcpKeepAlive"), true) // optional, default false
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("tcpNoDelay"), true) // optional, default false
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("autodetectExtensions"), false) // optional, default false
  •   .build();
  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);
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  • // Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
  • Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
  • 或者下面的unix domain socket格式:

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  • // Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
  • ConnectionFactoryOptions options = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
  •   .option(DRIVER, "mysql")
  •   .option(Option.valueOf("unixSocket"), "/path/to/mysql.sock")
  •   .option(USER, "root")
  •   .build();
  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);
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  • Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
  • 使用MySqlConnectionFactory创建connection

    上面的例子中,我们使用的是通用的r2dbc api来创建connection,同样的,我们也可以使用特有的MySqlConnectionFactory来创建connection:

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  • MySqlConnectionConfiguration configuration = MySqlConnectionConfiguration.builder()
  •   .host("127.0.0.1")
  •   .user("root")
  •   .port(3306) // optional, default 3306
  •   .password("database-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password
  •   .database("r2dbc") // optional, default null, null means not specifying the database
  •   .serverZoneId(ZoneId.of("Continent/City")) // optional, default null, null means query server time zone when connection init
  •   .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3)) // optional, default null, null means no timeout
  •   .sslMode(SslMode.VERIFY_IDENTITY) // optional, default SslMode.PREFERRED
  •   .sslCa("/path/to/mysql/ca.pem") // required when sslMode is VERIFY_CA or VERIFY_IDENTITY, default null, null means has no server CA cert
  •   .sslCert("/path/to/mysql/client-cert.pem") // optional, default has no client SSL certificate
  •   .sslKey("/path/to/mysql/client-key.pem") // optional, default has no client SSL key
  •   .sslKeyPassword("key-pem-password-in-here") // optional, default has no client SSL key password
  •   .tlsVersion(TlsVersions.TLS1_3, TlsVersions.TLS1_2, TlsVersions.TLS1_1) // optional, default is auto-selected by the server
  •   .sslHostnameVerifier(MyVerifier.INSTANCE) // optional, default is null, null means use standard verifier
  •   .sslContextBuilderCustomizer(MyCustomizer.INSTANCE) // optional, default is no-op customizer
  •   .zeroDateOption(ZeroDateOption.USE_NULL) // optional, default ZeroDateOption.USE_NULL
  •   .useServerPrepareStatement() // Use server-preparing statements, default use client-preparing statements
  •   .tcpKeepAlive(true) // optional, controls TCP Keep Alive, default is false
  •   .tcpNoDelay(true) // optional, controls TCP No Delay, default is false
  •   .autodetectExtensions(false) // optional, controls extension auto-detect, default is true
  •   .extendWith(MyExtension.INSTANCE) // optional, manual extend an extension into extensions, default using auto-detect
  •   .build();
  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = MySqlConnectionFactory.from(configuration);
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  • // Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
  • Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
  • 或者下面的unix domain socket方式:

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  • // Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
  • MySqlConnectionConfiguration configuration = MySqlConnectionConfiguration.builder()
  •   .unixSocket("/path/to/mysql.sock")
  •   .user("root")
  •   .build();
  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = MySqlConnectionFactory.from(configuration);
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  • Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
  • 执行statement

    首先看一个简单的不带参数的statement:

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  • connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`first_name`, `last_name`) VALUES ('who', 'how')")
  •   .execute(); // return a Publisher include one Result
  • 然后看一个带参数的statement:

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  • connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`birth`, `nickname`, `show_name`) VALUES (?, ?name, ?name)")
  •   .bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2019, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
  •   .bind("name", "Some one") // Not one-to-one binding, call twice of native index-bindings, or call once of name-bindings.
  •   .add()
  •   .bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2009, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
  •   .bind(1, "My Nickname")
  •   .bind(2, "Naming show")
  •   .returnGeneratedValues("generated_id")
  •   .execute(); // return a Publisher include two Results.
  • 注意,如果参数是null的话,可以使用bindNull来进行null值的绑定。

    接下来我们看一个批量执行的操作:

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  • connection.createBatch()
  •   .add("INSERT INTO `person` (`first_name`, `last_name`) VALUES ('who', 'how')")
  •   .add("UPDATE `earth` SET `count` = `count` + 1 WHERE `id` = 'human'")
  •   .execute(); // return a Publisher include two Results.
  • 执行事务

    我们看一个执行事务的例子:

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  • connection.beginTransaction()
  •   .then(Mono.from(connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`first_name`, `last_name`) VALUES ('who', 'how')").execute()))
  •   .flatMap(Result::getRowsUpdated)
  •   .thenMany(connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`birth`, `nickname`, `show_name`) VALUES (?, ?name, ?name)")
  •     .bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2019, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
  •     .bind("name", "Some one")
  •     .add()
  •     .bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2009, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
  •     .bind(1, "My Nickname")
  •     .bind(2, "Naming show")
  •     .returnGeneratedValues("generated_id")
  •     .execute())
  •   .flatMap(Result::getRowsUpdated)
  •   .then(connection.commitTransaction());
  • 使用线程池

    为了提升数据库的执行效率,减少建立连接的开销,一般数据库连接都会有连接池的概念,同样的r2dbc也有一个叫做r2dbc-pool的连接池。

    r2dbc-pool的依赖:

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  • <dependency>
  •  <groupId>io.r2dbc</groupId>
  •  <artifactId>r2dbc-pool</artifactId>
  •  <version>${version}</version>
  • </dependency>
  • 如果你想使用snapshot版本,也可以这样指定:

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  • <dependency>
  •  <groupId>io.r2dbc</groupId>
  •  <artifactId>r2dbc-pool</artifactId>
  •  <version>${version}.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
  • </dependency>
  •  
  • <repository>
  •  <id>spring-libs-snapshot</id>
  •  <name>Spring Snapshot Repository</name>
  •  <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot</url>
  • </repository>
  • 看一下怎么指定数据库连接池:

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  • ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get("r2dbc:pool:<my-driver>://<host>:<port>/<database>[?maxIdleTime=PT60S[&…]");
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  • Publisher<? extends Connection> connectionPublisher = connectionFactory.create();
  • 可以看到,我们只需要在连接URL上面添加pool这个driver即可。

    同样的,我们也可以通过ConnectionFactoryOptions来创建:

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  • 标签:mysql r2dbc
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